Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 16, Problem 12TYK
Summary Introduction

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Fruit flies possess a mutation in the tumor suppressor gene HIPPO, which is homozygous and leads to the development of tumors in every organ. The expression of the human gene, MST2 in flies with the homozygous mutation in the HIPPO gene leads to a great reduction in the development of tumors. Further, the evolution of tumor suppressor genes in animals is also to be assessed.

Introduction:

Tumor suppressor genes are present in all cells of animals and the product of these genes are called tumor suppressor proteins, which participate in the regulation of cell growth by inhibiting excessive growth of the cell.

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RASL11A gene is a tumor suppressor gene associated with spontaneous tumor shrinkage in Tasmanian Devils.  In those tumors that shrink, the expression of RASL11A is: Group of answer choices a. upregulated compared to the expression in tumors that proliferate. b. downregulated compared to the expression in tumors that proliferate. c. the same as in those tumors the expression in tumors that proliferate.   While studying tumor cells, you notice that the histones of a particular chromosome have more acetyl groups bound to them in tumor cells, compared to the same chromosome in healthy cells.  What would you expect for the amount of proteins encoded by genes on that chromosome in tumor cells compared to healthy cells?  Group of answer choices a. Higher in tumor cells b. Lower in tumor cells c. Similar in tumor and healthy cells
Cancer is caused by many different types of gene mutations. Some mutations are in proto-oncogenes, which lead to overexpression of the genes, and other mutations are in tumor suppressor genes, which lead to under expression or no expression in these genes. Which kinds of gene mutations would RNA interference (RNAi) be better at treating? Explain.
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