Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Question
Chapter 16, Problem 10TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) methylation causes the silencing of gene expression. When a methylated allele of a gene is inherited, then it is not expressed. The gene expression of an organism depends on the inherited allele of the parent.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
Environmental factors can influence the gene expression in some organisms.
a. Describe how environmental factors can affect an organism's phenotype.
b. Explain how light exposure can affect gene expression in organisms of the same
species. Provide an example.
1a) Why is it possible for you to study the eye colour gene by extracting cheek cells?
a. Because the nucleus of every cell in the human body contains the same genetic information.
b. Because the cheek cells are located near the cells of the eye and so they are able to exchange DNA.
c. Because all genes in the human body are expressed at all times so it is easy to study them.
d. All of the above are possible explanations.
1b) What is the purpose of heating the sample to 75°C following addition of the 0.2M NaOH solution?
a. To denature the histone proteins that are keeping the DNA tightly coiled.
b. To ensure that all the DNA is removed from the swab in preparation for PCR.
c. To breakdown the cheek cell membrane to release the DNA from the cell.
d. It breaks down the circular DNA down into linear fragments so that they will be easier to visualize.i
In mammals, males have X and Y sex chromosomes, while females have two Xs. While the Y sex chromosome has very few genes associated with it, the X sex chromosome has many that are important to maintain life. How do mammals account for this in terms of equaling out gene expression levels?
A. Mammals do not need to account for this, but birds do.
B. Females produce more proteins from X-linked genes than males do.
C. The single X of the males works twice as hard to keep up with the female’s two Xs.
D. The females have one X inactivated to permit the males to keep pace with them.
Chapter 16 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 16.1 - Suppose the lacl gene is mutated so that the Lac...Ch. 16.1 - Answer the equivalent question for the trp operon:...Ch. 16.2 - What is the role of histones in gene expression?...Ch. 16.2 - Prob. 2SBCh. 16.3 - Prob. 1SBCh. 16.3 - Prob. 2SBCh. 16.4 - Prob. 1SBCh. 16.4 - Prob. 2SBCh. 16.5 - Prob. 1SBCh. 16.5 - Prob. 2SB
Ch. 16.5 - Prob. 3SBCh. 16.5 - Prob. 4SBCh. 16 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 16 - For the E. coli lac operon, when lactose is...Ch. 16 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 16 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 16 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 16 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 16 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 16 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 16 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 16 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 16 - Discuss Concepts In a mutant strain of E. coli,...Ch. 16 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 16 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 16 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 16 - Design an experiment using rats as the model...Ch. 16 - Prob. 1ITDCh. 16 - Prob. 2ITDCh. 16 - Prob. 3ITDCh. 16 - Prob. 4ITD
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Which of the following statements about calico cats is true? Select all that apply. Black fur sections are found in regions that are formed from cells that inactivated the X chromosome with the orange allele of the fur color gene. a. Black and orange sections of fur on calico cats will always be the same size, since X chromosome inactivation always happens at the same stage of development. b. Black fur sections are found in regions that are formed from cells that inactivated the paternal X chromosome. C. Black sections of fur in calico cats will always be located on the same body locations. d. Calico cats are only females, except in cases of chromosomal number abnormalities. D e.arrow_forwardImagine a scenario in which prenatal testing of a human female fetus indicates that the baby will have a normal XX karyotype but is heterozygous for a mutation that inactivates the Xist promoter. Allele “Xr” represents the mutated version of the Xist promoter, and “XR” represents the normal version of the Xist promoter. How will this mutation affect the process of X inactivation?A. "X inactivation will still be random with both mutant and normal X chromosomes being randomly inactivated" B. "The chromosome with the mutant Xist promoter will always be active" C. "The chromosome with the mutant Xist promoter will always be inactivated" D. "The normal X chromosome (no mutation in Xist) will always be active" E. "The normal X chromosome (no mutation in Xist) will always be inactivated"arrow_forwardIn mice, the A allele causes agouti fur, the AY allele causes yellow fur and is dominant to the A allele. The homozygous AY AY genotype is lethal. Why is the AYAY homozygous condition lethal? The AY allele lacks an upstream merc gene which is required for normal embryonic development. The AY allele contains a null mutation in the A gene, which is required for normal embryonic development. The yellow pigment produced by A allele is required for survival. The AY allele highly transcribes the merc gene which is lethal in a homozygous AYAY individual. None of the other answers are correct.arrow_forward
- If a Drosophila female that is homozygous for an X-linked recessive mutation is bred with a male that carries the corresponding wild-type allele, the offspring will..... a. show the mutant phenotype in all individuals. b. be uniform wild-type. c. show a phenotype intermediate to the parents' phenotype. d. show the mutant phenotype in all males and the wild-type phenotype in all females. e. have mutant and wild-type males and mutant and wild-type females.arrow_forwardIn mice, the A allele causes agouti fur, the AY allele causes yellow fur and is dominant to the A allele. The homozygous AY AY genotype is lethal. Why is the AYAY homozygous condition lethal? The yellow pigment produced by A allele is required for survival. The AY allele lacks an upstream merc gene which is required for normal embryonic development. The AY allele highly transcribes the merc gene which is lethal in a homozygous AYAY individual. The AY allele contains a null mutation in the A gene, which is required for normal embryonic development. None of the other answers are correct.arrow_forwardMolecular geneticists have performed experiments in which they altered the number of copies of the bicoid gene in flies, affecting the amount of Bicoid protein produced. a. What would be the effect on development of an increased number of copies of the bicoid gene? b. What would be the effect of a decreased number of copies of bicoid? Justify your answers.arrow_forward
- The GAL4 expression system can be used to experimentally induce expression of a gene in a specific tissue at a specific time. You want to study the overexpression of Your Favorite Gene (YFG) in mouse ear development. However, if you overexpress this gene everywhere, the mouse is not viable past early embryo development. You have the following mouse lines with different mutations or transgenic constructs available. Which two will you cross together to answer your research questions? GAL4 with constitutive enhancer GAL4 with embryo enhancer GAL4 with ear enhancer yfg loss-of-function line YFG CDNA with UASG promoter YFG CDNA with constitutive promoterarrow_forwardFigure 19.25 shows that the Sxl protein binds to the mRNA of the msl-2 gene, inhibiting translation of the mRNA’s proper reading frame. The MSL-2 protein is a transcription factor that binds to the X chromosome in XY males to double the level of X-linked gene transcription, thus equalizing X-linked gene expression in XY males and XX females. a. In which sex, XY males or XX females, would the Sxl protein bind to the msl-2 mRNA? b. As discussed in Problem 35, some Sxl alleles are lethal to females and others are lethal to males. Is the function of Sxl in regulating the synthesis of Msl-2 protein sufficient to explain the sex-specific lethality caused by both kinds of alleles? c. Predict the effect of loss-of-function mutations in msl-2 on male and female fertility and viability.arrow_forwarda. What is the Raly gene? What does it encode? How does it relate to the lethality of Ay? b. A heterozygous mouse AAy does not produce enough pigment and it is yellow. Homozygous individuals die during development, but AAy heterozygous do not. Why? You may use any graphic aid to explain this, if necessary. This means that you may use a Punnett square or a forking segregation diagram, or computations with fractions. c. Explain why there is a non-Mendelian 2:1 yellow/agouti phenotypic ratio in this cross.arrow_forward
- In a particular organism, there are two similar genes called YFG1 and YFG2. YFG1 is expressed in the liver and not in the pancreas, and YFG2 is expressed in the pancreas but not the liver. Neither YFG1 nor YFG2 is expressed in the heart. If you extract DNA from heart cells, do you expect to see the YFG2 gene? Explain why. Do you expect to see the YFG1 protein when you analyze protein extract from liver cells? And from pancreas cells? And from heart cells? Explain why. Is it possible to produce YFG1 and YFG2 proteins via alternative splicing? Explain one possible way (mechanism) to regulate the expression of YFG1 gene.arrow_forwardIf a rabbit with the defective gene is not fed plants with the pigment, what color is its fat? Can you see how the environment influences the expression of a trait?arrow_forwardColorblindness and hemophilia are both X-linked traits in humans. Explain how a female who has a defective color vision gene on one X chromosome and a defective blood clotting gene causing hemophilia on the other X chromosome can be neither a hemophiliac nor colorblind? Please discuss the effect of Gene dosage compensation in your answer and in your answer describe the molecular process by which this occurs.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSONBiology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStaxAnatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
- Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & CompanyLaboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:PEARSON
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:9781947172517
Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781259398629
Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa Stouter
Publisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780815344322
Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter
Publisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781260159363
Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, Cynthia
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9781260231700
Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael Windelspecht
Publisher:McGraw Hill Education
Cell Differentiation | Genetics | Biology | FuseSchool; Author: FuseSchool - Global Education;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gwAz_BtVuLA;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY