Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 16, Problem 10TYK
Summary Introduction

Introduction:

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) methylation causes the silencing of gene expression. When a methylated allele of a gene is inherited, then it is not expressed. The gene expression of an organism depends on the inherited allele of the parent.

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Environmental factors can influence the gene expression in some organisms. a. Describe how environmental factors can affect an organism's phenotype. b. Explain how light exposure can affect gene expression in organisms of the same species. Provide an example.
1a) Why is it possible for you to study the eye colour gene by extracting cheek cells?   a. Because the nucleus of every cell in the human body contains the same genetic information. b. Because the cheek cells are located near the cells of the eye and so they are able to exchange DNA.   c. Because all genes in the human body are expressed at all times so it is easy to study them. d. All of the above are possible explanations. 1b) What is the purpose of heating the sample to 75°C following addition of the 0.2M NaOH solution?   a. To denature the histone proteins that are keeping the DNA tightly coiled. b. To ensure that all the DNA is removed from the swab in preparation for PCR.   c. To breakdown the cheek cell membrane to release the DNA from the cell.  d. It breaks down the circular DNA down into linear fragments so that they will be easier to visualize.i
In mammals, males have X and Y sex chromosomes, while females have two Xs. While the Y sex chromosome has very few genes associated with it, the X sex chromosome has many that are important to maintain life. How do mammals account for this in terms of equaling out gene expression levels? A. Mammals do not need to account for this, but birds do. B. Females produce more proteins from X-linked genes than males do. C. The single X of the males works twice as hard to keep up with the female’s two Xs. D. The females have one X inactivated to permit the males to keep pace with them.
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