Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The grams of formaldehyde should be predicted.
Concept introduction:
The representation of atoms of a compound in simple whole number ratio is known as empirical formula.
Chemical formula or molecular formula represents the type of
The rules for determining empirical formula is given as follows:
- Determine the mass of elements in given compound.
- Calculate number of moles using molar mass of each compound or element.
- Divide each number of moles by smallest number of mole value calculated in second step.
- Round the value calculated in step 3 to nearest whole number.

Answer to Problem 4STP
The grams of formaldehyde are 60.06 g.
Explanation of Solution
Assuming the percentage is given by mass that means 40.0 g, 6.7 g, and 53.3 g of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen is present in butanoic acid.
Mass of carbon = 40.0 g
Mass of hydrogen = 6.7 g
Mass of oxygen = 53.3 g
Now, calculating the moles of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen using their molar mass as follows:
1. Now, dividing each mole value by smallest mole value as follows:
2. Thus, the empirical formula and molecular formula for formaldehyde is
Now, the molar mass of formaldehyde as follows:
Now, the grams of formaldehyde in 2.000 mol are calculated as follows:
Thus, there are 60.06 g of formaldehyde in 2.000 moles of formaldehyde.
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