Chapter 10, Problem 210A

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The formula and name of the compound formed by the combination of barium and chlorine should be determine.

Concept introduction:

The compounds which are formed between two elements are known as binary compounds and if one element is metal and another is non-metal, then the binary compound is made up of ions, known as binary ionic compounds.

The formation of ion takes place either by lose of electron(s) to make cations or by addition of electron(s) to make anions. Generally, the addition or loss of electron(s) takes place in an atom to have eight electrons in their valence shell said to be octet rule.

The formula of ionic compounds is determined by crisscross method. In this method:

• The corresponding charges are assigned to the metal and non-metal.
• The number of charges becomes the subscript of atom.
• All ionic compounds are neutral.
• The subscripts are written in the lowest possible ratio.

For naming the compound:

First, the name of the metal should be identified with the help of its symbol.

The name of the non-metal should be identified with the help of its symbol and it is modified to end in “−ide”

Answer to Problem 210A

The formula and name of the compound formed by the combination of barium and chlorine is ${\text{BaCl}}_2$ and barium chloride respectively.

Explanation of Solution

The electronic configuration of barium, $\text{Ba}$ is $\left[\text{Xe}\right]{\text{6s}}^2$ and of chlorine, $\text{Cl}$ is $\left[\text{Ne}\right]{\text{3s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{3p}}^5$. Thus, in order to attain the stability (nearest noble gas configuration) the $\text{Ba}$ atom loses 2 electrons and forms ${\text{Ba}}^{\text{2+}}$ ion whereas two $\text{Cl}$ atoms accepts this electrons and forms 2 ${\text{Cl}}^{-}$ ions. So, the formula of the compound is ${\text{BaCl}}_2$.

Naming the compound:

Name of the metal $\text{Ba}$ is barium.

Name of the non-metal $\text{Cl}$ is chlorine.

Since, chlorine is a non-metal, therefore it is modified to end in “−ide”.

Thus, the name of the compound is barium chloride.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The formula and name of the compound formed by the combination of aluminum and selenium should be determine.

Concept introduction:

The compounds which are formed between two elements are known as binary compounds and if one element is metal and another is non-metal, then the binary compound is made up of ions, known as binary ionic compounds.

The formation of ion takes place either by lose of electron(s) to make cations or by addition of electron(s) to make anions. Generally, the addition or loss of electron(s) takes place in an atom to have eight electrons in their valence shell said to be octet rule.

The formula of ionic compounds is determined by crisscross method. In this method:

• The corresponding charges are assigned to the metal and non-metal.
• The number of charges becomes the subscript of atom.
• All ionic compounds are neutral.
• The subscripts are written in the lowest possible ratio.

For naming the compound:

First, the name of the metal should be identified with the help of its symbol.

The name of the non-metal should be identified with the help of its symbol and it is modified to end in “−ide”

Answer to Problem 210A

The formula and name of the compound formed by the combination of aluminum and selenium is ${\text{Al}}_{\text{2}}{\text{Se}}_{\text{3}}$ and aluminum selenide respectively.

Explanation of Solution

The electronic configuration of aluminum, $\text{Al}$ is $\left[\text{Ne}\right]{\text{3s}}^2{\text{3p}}^1$ and of selenium, $\text{Se}$ is $\left[\text{Ar}\right]{\text{3d}}^{10}{\text{4s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{4p}}^4$. Thus, in order to attain the stability (nearest noble gas configuration) the $\text{Al}$ atom loses 3 electrons and forms ${\text{Al}}^{\text{3+}}$ ion whereas $\text{Se}$ atom accepts two electrons and forms ${\text{Se}}^{2-}$ ions. So, the formula of the electrically neutral compound is ${\text{Al}}_{\text{2}}{\text{Se}}_{\text{3}}$.

Naming the compound:

Name of the metal $\text{Al}$ is aluminum.

Name of the non-metal $\text{Se}$ is selenium.

Since, selenium is a non-metal, therefore it is modified to end in “−ide”.

Thus, the name of the compound is aluminum selenide.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The formula and name of the compound formed by the combination of calcium and phosphorus should be determine.

Concept introduction:

The compounds which are formed between two elements are known as binary compounds and if one element is metal and another is non-metal, then the binary compound is made up of ions, known as binary ionic compounds.

The formation of ion takes place either by lose of electron(s) to make cations or by addition of electron(s) to make anions. Generally, the addition or loss of electron(s) takes place in an atom to have eight electrons in their valence shell said to be octet rule.

The formula of ionic compounds is determined by crisscross method. In this method:

• The corresponding charges are assigned to the metal and non-metal.
• The number of charges becomes the subscript of atom.
• All ionic compounds are neutral.
• The subscripts are written in the lowest possible ratio.

For naming the compound:

First, the name of the metal should be identified with the help of its symbol.

The name of the non-metal should be identified with the help of its symbol and it is modified to end in “−ide”

Answer to Problem 210A

The formula and name of the compound formed by the combination of calcium and phosphorus is ${\text{Ca}}_{\text{3}}{\text{P}}_{\text{2}}$ and calcium phosphide respectively.

Explanation of Solution

The electronic configuration of calcium, $\text{Ca}$ is $\left[\text{Ar}\right]{\text{4s}}^2$ and of phosphorus, $\text{P}$ is $\left[\text{Ne}\right]3{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{3p}}^3$. Thus, in order to attain the stability (nearest noble gas configuration) the $\text{Ca}$ atom loses 2 electrons and forms ${\text{Ca}}^{\text{2+}}$ ion whereas $\text{P}$ atom accepts three electrons and forms ${\text{P}}^{3-}$ ions. So, the formula of the electrically neutral compound is ${\text{Ca}}_{\text{3}}{\text{P}}_{\text{2}}$.

Naming the compound:

Name of the metal $\text{Ca}$ is calcium.

Name of the non-metal $\text{P}$ is phosphorus.

Since, phosphorus is a non-metal, therefore it is modified to end in “−ide”.

Thus, the name of the compound is calcium phosphide.