Organic And Biological Chemistry
Organic And Biological Chemistry
7th Edition
ISBN: 9781305081079
Author: STOKER, H. Stephen (howard Stephen)
Publisher: Cengage Learning,
Question
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Chapter 1, Problem 1.117EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given members in the pair of hydrocarbons are constitutional isomers or stereoisomers or not isomers has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Organic compounds are represented shortly by the molecular formula and structural formula.  Each and every compound has its own molecular formula.  Compounds can have same molecular formula but not same structural formula.

Isomers are the compounds that have same molecular formula but different structural formula.  The main difference lies in the way the atoms are arranged in the structure.  Isomers have different chemical and physical properties even when they have same molecular formula.  This is known as Isomerism.

If there is difference only in the connectivity of the atoms in the molecule, then it is known as constitutional isomerism.  The isomers are known as constitutional isomers.  They will have same molecular formula and same functional group, but they differ in the connectivity between the atoms in the molecule.

For constitutional isomers to be present in cycloalkane, a minimum of four carbon atoms has to be present.

Cycloalkanes can also exhibit stereoisomerism.  The difference between constitutional isomerism and stereoisomerism is that, the result of difference in connectivity of carbon atoms is known as constitutional isomerism and the result of differences in configuration is known as stereoisomerism.  Stereoisomers are compounds that possess same molecular formula and connectivity of atoms but different orientations of atoms in space.  Cis isomers are the one where the two substituted groups on different carbon atom are present above or below the plane or the ring of carbon atoms.  Trans isomers are the one where the two substituted groups on different carbon atom are present one above and one below the plane or the ring of carbon atoms.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given members in the pair of hydrocarbons are constitutional isomers or stereoisomers or not isomers has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Organic compounds are represented shortly by the molecular formula and structural formula.  Each and every compound has its own molecular formula.  Compounds can have same molecular formula but not same structural formula.

Isomers are the compounds that have same molecular formula but different structural formula.  The main difference lies in the way the atoms are arranged in the structure.  Isomers have different chemical and physical properties even when they have same molecular formula.  This is known as Isomerism.

If there is difference only in the connectivity of the atoms in the molecule, then it is known as constitutional isomerism.  The isomers are known as constitutional isomers.  They will have same molecular formula and same functional group, but they differ in the connectivity between the atoms in the molecule.

For constitutional isomers to be present in cycloalkane, a minimum of four carbon atoms has to be present.

Cycloalkanes can also exhibit stereoisomerism.  The difference between constitutional isomerism and stereoisomerism is that, the result of difference in connectivity of carbon atoms is known as constitutional isomerism and the result of differences in configuration is known as stereoisomerism.  Stereoisomers are compounds that possess same molecular formula and connectivity of atoms but different orientations of atoms in space.  Cis isomers are the one where the two substituted groups on different carbon atom are present above or below the plane or the ring of carbon atoms.  Trans isomers are the one where the two substituted groups on different carbon atom are present one above and one below the plane or the ring of carbon atoms.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given members in the pair of hydrocarbons are constitutional isomers or stereoisomers or not isomers has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Organic compounds are represented shortly by the molecular formula and structural formula.  Each and every compound has its own molecular formula.  Compounds can have same molecular formula but not same structural formula.

Isomers are the compounds that have same molecular formula but different structural formula.  The main difference lies in the way the atoms are arranged in the structure.  Isomers have different chemical and physical properties even when they have same molecular formula.  This is known as Isomerism.

If there is difference only in the connectivity of the atoms in the molecule, then it is known as constitutional isomerism.  The isomers are known as constitutional isomers.  They will have same molecular formula and same functional group, but they differ in the connectivity between the atoms in the molecule.

For constitutional isomers to be present in cycloalkane, a minimum of four carbon atoms has to be present.

Cycloalkanes can also exhibit stereoisomerism.  The difference between constitutional isomerism and stereoisomerism is that, the result of difference in connectivity of carbon atoms is known as constitutional isomerism and the result of differences in configuration is known as stereoisomerism.  Stereoisomers are compounds that possess same molecular formula and connectivity of atoms but different orientations of atoms in space.  Cis isomers are the one where the two substituted groups on different carbon atom are present above or below the plane or the ring of carbon atoms.  Trans isomers are the one where the two substituted groups on different carbon atom are present one above and one below the plane or the ring of carbon atoms.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given members in the pair of hydrocarbons are constitutional isomers or stereoisomers or not isomers has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Organic compounds are represented shortly by the molecular formula and structural formula.  Each and every compound has its own molecular formula.  Compounds can have same molecular formula but not same structural formula.

Isomers are the compounds that have same molecular formula but different structural formula.  The main difference lies in the way the atoms are arranged in the structure.  Isomers have different chemical and physical properties even when they have same molecular formula.  This is known as Isomerism.

If there is difference only in the connectivity of the atoms in the molecule, then it is known as constitutional isomerism.  The isomers are known as constitutional isomers.  They will have same molecular formula and same functional group, but they differ in the connectivity between the atoms in the molecule.

For constitutional isomers to be present in cycloalkane, a minimum of four carbon atoms has to be present.

Cycloalkanes can also exhibit stereoisomerism.  The difference between constitutional isomerism and stereoisomerism is that, the result of difference in connectivity of carbon atoms is known as constitutional isomerism and the result of differences in configuration is known as stereoisomerism.  Stereoisomers are compounds that possess same molecular formula and connectivity of atoms but different orientations of atoms in space.  Cis isomers are the one where the two substituted groups on different carbon atom are present above or below the plane or the ring of carbon atoms.  Trans isomers are the one where the two substituted groups on different carbon atom are present one above and one below the plane or the ring of carbon atoms.

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13. Ethylethanoate and butanoic acid can be classified as A. positional isomers B. chain isomers C. functional isomers D. stereoisomers 14. Which of the following pairs are positional isomers A. trans-1,4-dichlorocyclohexane, cis-1,3-dichlorocyclopentane B. trans 1,4-dichlorocyclohexane, cis-1,4-dichlorocyclohexane C. 2-pentanol, Cyclopentanol D. 1,2-cycohexanediol, 1,3-cycohexanediol 15. Which of the following compounds will have zero dipole moment? A. cis-1,2-dibromoethylene B. 1,1-dibromoethylene C. trans-1,2-dibromoethylene D. all of these 16. Which of the following is not aromatic: A. cyclopentadienyl cation B. cyclopentadienyl anion C. Cyclopropenyl cation D. Cycloheptatrienyl cation 17. Which of the following compounds containing lone pair has the least tendency to donate its electrons? A. the lone pair in pyridine B. the lone pair in furan C. the lone pair in pyrole D. the lone pair in thiophene
Which of the following can exist as cis-trans isomers?     a.  cyclohexane   b.  methylcyclohexane   c.  1,1-dimethylcyclohexane   d.  1,2-dimethylcyclohexane
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Chapter 1 Solutions

Organic And Biological Chemistry

Ch. 1.5 - Prob. 2QQCh. 1.5 - Prob. 3QQCh. 1.6 - Prob. 1QQCh. 1.6 - Prob. 2QQCh. 1.6 - Prob. 3QQCh. 1.6 - Prob. 4QQCh. 1.7 - Prob. 1QQCh. 1.7 - Prob. 2QQCh. 1.8 - Prob. 1QQCh. 1.8 - Prob. 2QQCh. 1.8 - Prob. 3QQCh. 1.8 - Prob. 4QQCh. 1.8 - Prob. 5QQCh. 1.8 - Prob. 6QQCh. 1.8 - Prob. 7QQCh. 1.9 - Prob. 1QQCh. 1.9 - Prob. 2QQCh. 1.10 - Prob. 1QQCh. 1.10 - Prob. 2QQCh. 1.11 - Prob. 1QQCh. 1.11 - Prob. 2QQCh. 1.11 - Prob. 3QQCh. 1.12 - Prob. 1QQCh. 1.12 - Prob. 2QQCh. 1.12 - Prob. 3QQCh. 1.13 - Prob. 1QQCh. 1.13 - Prob. 2QQCh. 1.13 - Prob. 3QQCh. 1.14 - Prob. 1QQCh. 1.14 - Prob. 2QQCh. 1.14 - Prob. 3QQCh. 1.15 - Prob. 1QQCh. 1.15 - Prob. 2QQCh. 1.16 - Prob. 1QQCh. 1.16 - Prob. 2QQCh. 1.16 - Prob. 3QQCh. 1.17 - Prob. 1QQCh. 1.17 - Prob. 2QQCh. 1.17 - Prob. 3QQCh. 1.17 - Prob. 4QQCh. 1.18 - Prob. 1QQCh. 1.18 - Prob. 2QQCh. 1.18 - Prob. 3QQCh. 1.18 - Prob. 4QQCh. 1 - Prob. 1.1EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.2EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.3EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.4EPCh. 1 - Indicate whether each of the following situations...Ch. 1 - Indicate whether each of the following situations...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.7EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.8EPCh. 1 - What is the difference between a saturated...Ch. 1 - What structural feature is present in an...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.11EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.12EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.13EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.14EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.15EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.16EPCh. 1 - Convert the expanded structural formulas in...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.18EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.19EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.20EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.21EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.22EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.23EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.24EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.25EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.26EPCh. 1 - Indicate whether each of the following would be...Ch. 1 - Indicate whether each of the following would be...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.29EPCh. 1 - Explain why two different straight-chain alkanes...Ch. 1 - With the help of Table 12-1, indicate how many...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.32EPCh. 1 - How many of the numerous eight-carbon alkane...Ch. 1 - How many of the numerous seven-carbon alkane...Ch. 1 - For each of the following pairs of structures,...Ch. 1 - For each of the following pairs of structures,...Ch. 1 - Convert each of the following linear condensed...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.38EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.39EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.40EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.41EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.42EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.43EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.44EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.45EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.46EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.47EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.48EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.49EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.50EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.51EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.52EPCh. 1 - Draw a condensed structural formula for each of...Ch. 1 - Draw a condensed structural formula for each of...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.55EPCh. 1 - For each of the alkanes in Problem 12-54,...Ch. 1 - Explain why the name given for each of the...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.58EPCh. 1 - Indicate whether or not the two alkanes in each of...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.60EPCh. 1 - How many of the 18 C8 alkane constitutional...Ch. 1 - How many of the nine C7 alkane constitutional...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.63EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.64EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.65EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.66EPCh. 1 - Do the line-angle structural formulas in each of...Ch. 1 - Do the line-angle structural formulas in each of...Ch. 1 - Convert each of the condensed structural formulas...Ch. 1 - Convert each of the condensed structural formulas...Ch. 1 - Assign an IUPAC name to each of the compounds in...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.72EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.73EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.74EPCh. 1 - For each of the alkane structures in Problem...Ch. 1 - For each of the alkane structures in Problem...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.77EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.78EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.79EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.80EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.81EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.82EPCh. 1 - Draw condensed structural formulas for the...Ch. 1 - Draw condensed structural formulas for the...Ch. 1 - To which carbon atoms in a hexane molecule can...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.86EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.87EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.88EPCh. 1 - Give an acceptable alternate name for each of the...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.90EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.91EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.92EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.93EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.94EPCh. 1 - What is the molecular formula for each of the...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.96EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.97EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.98EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.99EPCh. 1 - How many secondary carbon atoms are present in...Ch. 1 - Assign an IUPAC name to each of the following...Ch. 1 - Assign an IUPAC name to each of the following...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.103EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.104EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.105EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.106EPCh. 1 - What is the molecular formula for each of the...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.108EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.109EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.110EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.111EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.112EPCh. 1 - Determine whether cistrans isomerism is possible...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.114EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.115EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.116EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.117EPCh. 1 - Indicate whether the members of each of the...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.119EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.120EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.121EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.122EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.123EPCh. 1 - Which member in each of the following pairs of...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.125EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.126EPCh. 1 - Answer the following questions about the...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.128EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.129EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.130EPCh. 1 - Write molecular formulas for all the possible...Ch. 1 - Write molecular formulas for all the possible...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.133EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.134EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.135EPCh. 1 - Assign an IUPAC name to each of the following...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.137EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.138EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.139EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.140EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.141EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.142EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.143EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.144EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.145EPCh. 1 - Prob. 1.146EPCh. 1 - Give the IUPAC names for the eight isomeric...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.148EP
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