Chapter 1.8, Problem 6QQ

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The alkanes that contain eight carbon atoms have to be chosen from the given options.

Concept Introduction:

Any organic molecule can be named by using certain rules given by IUPAC (International Union for Pure and applied chemistry).  IUPAC name consists of three parts in major namely Prefix suffix and root word.

Prefix represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name.

Suffix denotes the presence of functional group if any in the molecule.  It can be an alkene, alkyne, alcohol, carboxylic acid, alcohol etc.

Root word represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule.

To name an alkane, the first step is to find the longest carbon chain.  The next step is to identify the substituents that are present in the longest carbon chain.  The numbering has to be given in a way that the substituents get the least numbering.

To draw an alkane from the given IUPAC name, the parent alkane is drawn first followed by substitution of the substituents in the respective carbon atoms.