Chapter 8, Problem 1STP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Which of the following is not a bond formed by sharing of electrons between two atoms?

Concept Introduction: When two or more atoms interact with each other, a chemical bond can form between them. There are two types of bonds; ionic and covalent depending on the type of atoms involved in bonding. If there is a huge electronegativity difference between two atoms, an ionic bond is formed between them and if two atoms have comparable electronegativity values, a covalent bond is formed.

Answer to Problem 1STP

Option (C)

Explanation of Solution

Reason for correct option:

An ionic bond is not formed by sharing of electrons between two atoms. Here, the bond is formed between ions which are formed after gaining and losing electrons. An atom loses electron/s to form a cation (positive charge ion) and gains electron/s to form an anion (negative charge ion). Here, a complete transfer of electron/s takes place between two atoms. Thus, an ionic bond is formed by the complete transfer of an electron between two atoms.

Therefore, option (C) is correct.

Conclusion

Reason for incorrect options:

Covalent bonds are formed by sharing of electrons between two atoms. Here, both atoms have a comparable tendency of gaining or losing electrons. Thus, instead of complete transfer atoms share electron/s to form a bond. There are three types of covalent bonds depending on the relative electronegativity of bonded atoms. If atoms bonded together have nearly equal electronegativity, the bond formed by sharing of electrons between them is known as a non-polar covalent bond.

Similarly, if bonded atoms have unequal electronegativity, the atom with more electronegativity value will have a partial negative charge, and the atom with less electronegativity value will have a partial positive charge. The bond formed after sharing of electron/s between them will be non-polar in nature.

A coordinate covalent bond is formed when a single atom shares electron pair to form a bond. Here, both the shared electrons are donated by the same atom.

Since all of the above bonds are formed by sharing of electrons thus, options (A), (B), and (D) are incorrect options.