Chapter 8, Problem 105A

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration of sodium is to be written.

Concept introduction:

The electron configuration of an element defines how its electrons are arranged throughout its atomic orbitals. Standard notation is used to represent atomic electron configurations, placing all electron-containing atomic subshells in sequential order. The number of electrons held by the subshell is indicated by superscript.

Answer to Problem 105A

  $\text{Na}:1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^1$

Explanation of Solution

Atomic number of sodium is 11 and its electronic configuration is as follows:

  $\text{Na}:1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^1$

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration of sulfur is to be written.

Concept introduction:

The electron configuration of an element defines how its electrons are arranged throughout its atomic orbitals. Standard notation is used to represent atomic electron configurations, placing all electron-containing atomic subshells in sequential order. The number of electrons held by the subshell is indicated by superscript.

Answer to Problem 105A

  $\text{S}:1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^4$

Explanation of Solution

Atomic number of sulfur is 16 and its electronic configuration is as follows:

  $\text{S}:1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^4$

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration of phosphorous is to be written.

Concept introduction:

The electron configuration of an element defines how its electrons are arranged throughout its atomic orbitals. Standard notation is used to represent atomic electron configurations, placing all electron-containing atomic subshells in sequential order. The number of electrons held by the subshell is indicated by superscript.

Answer to Problem 105A

  $\text{P}:1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^3$

Explanation of Solution

Atomic number of phosphorous is 15 and its electronic configuration is as follows:

  $\text{P}:1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^3$

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration of nitrogen is to be written.

Concept introduction:

The electron configuration of an element defines how its electrons are arranged throughout its atomic orbitals. Standard notation is used to represent atomic electron configurations, placing all electron-containing atomic subshells in sequential order. The number of electrons held by the subshell is indicated by superscript.

Answer to Problem 105A

  $\text{N}:1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^3$

Explanation of Solution

Atomic number of phosphorous is 7 and its electronic configuration is as follows:

  $\text{N}:1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^3$