Chapter 8, Problem 108A

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration of the given element is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The electron configuration of an element defines how its electrons are arranged throughout its atomic orbitals. Standard notation is used to represent atomic electron configurations, placing all electron-containing atomic subshells in sequential order. The number of electrons held by the subshell is indicated by superscript.

Answer to Problem 108A

  $\text{K}:1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{6}4s^1$

Explanation of Solution

Element belongs to group 1A and period 4 is potassium.

Atomic number of potassium is 19 and its electronic configuration is as follows:

  $\text{K}:1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{6}4s^1$

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration of the given element is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The electron configuration of an element defines how its electrons are arranged throughout its atomic orbitals. Standard notation is used to represent atomic electron configurations, placing all electron-containing atomic subshells in sequential order. The number of electrons held by the subshell is indicated by superscript.

Answer to Problem 108A

  $\text{Al}:1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^1$

Explanation of Solution

The element belongs to group 3A and period 3 is Al.

Atomic number of aluminum is 13 and its electronic configuration is as follows:

  $\text{Al}:1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^1$

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration of the given element is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The electron configuration of an element defines how its electrons are arranged throughout its atomic orbitals. Standard notation is used to represent atomic electron configurations, placing all electron-containing atomic subshells in sequential order. The number of electrons held by the subshell is indicated by superscript.

Answer to Problem 108A

  $\text{S}:1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^4$

Explanation of Solution

The element belonging to group 6A and period 3 is sulfur.

Atomic number of sulfur is 16 and its electronic configuration is as follows:

  $\text{S}:1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^4$

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The electronic configuration of the given element is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The electron configuration of an element defines how its electrons are arranged throughout its atomic orbitals. Standard notation is used to represent atomic electron configurations, placing all electron-containing atomic subshells in sequential order. The number of electrons held by the subshell is indicated by superscript.

Answer to Problem 108A

  $\text{Ba}:\left[\text{Xe}\right]6s^2$

Explanation of Solution

The element belonging to group 2A and period 6 is barium.

Atomic number of barium is 56 and its electronic configuration is as follows:

  $\text{Ba}:\left[\text{Xe}\right]6s^2$