General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry
7th Edition
ISBN: 9781285853918
Author: H. Stephen Stoker
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 23, Problem 23.92EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the electron carrier FADH2 is associated with which of the protein complexes (I, II, III, and IV) of the ETC.

Concept introduction: Electron transport chain is a sequence of biochemical reactions in which electrons and hydrogen atoms from the citric acid cycle are transferred to various intermediate carriers and finally reacts with molecular oxygen to form a water molecule. There are four complexes associated with the electron transport chain that is present in the inner mitochondrial membrane. The four complexes that help in the electron transfer in the electron transport chain are:

Complex I: NADH-coenzymeQ reductase

Complex II: Succinate-coenzymeQ reductase

Complex III: CoenzymeQ-cytochrome c reductase

Complex IV: Cytochrome c oxidase

An overview of the electron transport chain is as follows:

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Chapter 23, Problem 23.92EP , additional homework tip  1

(a)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 23.92EP

FADH2 is associated with the complex II of the electron transport chain. Electrons from the citric acid cycle are transported to complex II through FADH2 molecule.

Explanation of Solution

Complex II consists of four subunits in its structure. This complex interacts initially with the electrons that are coming after the reduction of FADH2. FADH2 produced in the citric acid cycle transfers the electron to the complex II. The diagrammatic representation of electron transfer in complex II in the electron transfer chain is:

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Chapter 23, Problem 23.92EP , additional homework tip  2

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine that the electron carrier FeSP is associated with which of the protein complexes (I, II, III, and IV) of the ETC.

Concept introduction: Electron transport chain is a sequence of biochemical reactions in which electrons and hydrogen atoms from the citric acid cycle are transferred to various intermediate carriers and finally reacts with molecular oxygen to form a water molecule. There are four complexes associated with the electron transport chain that is present in the inner mitochondrial membrane. The four complexes that help in the electron transfer in the electron transport chain are:

Complex I: NADH-coenzymeQ reductase

Complex II: Succinate-coenzymeQ reductase

Complex III: CoenzymeQ-cytochrome c reductase

Complex IV: Cytochrome c oxidase

An overview of the electron transport chain is as follows:

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Chapter 23, Problem 23.92EP , additional homework tip  3

(b)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 23.92EP

FeSP is associated with complex I, complex II and complex III of the electron transport chain. FeSP is present as the structural component in the complex II, III and IV. Iron-sulfur protein has iron in its structure that can change its oxidation state from +2 to +3.

Explanation of Solution

Iron-sulfur protein (FeSP) is present as the structural component in the complex II, III and IV.

Complex I consists of more than 40 structural subunits. Its structure has B-vitamin-containing flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and various iron-sulfur proteins (FeSP).

The diagrammatic representation of electron transfer in complex I in the electron transfer chain is as follows:

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Chapter 23, Problem 23.92EP , additional homework tip  4

Complex II consists of four subunits in its structure. This complex interacts initially with the electrons that are coming after the reduction of FADH2. FADH2 produced in the citric acid cycle transfers the electron to the complex II. The diagrammatic representation of electron transfer in complex II in the electron transfer chain is:

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Chapter 23, Problem 23.92EP , additional homework tip  5

Complex III consists of 11 structural subunits. Its structural subunits contain iron-sulfur proteins and various cytochromes. cyt b and cyt c1 are present in the complex III. CoQH2 from complex I and complex II transfers electrons to complex III and start the reactions of complex III. The diagrammatic representation of electron transfer in complex I in the electron transfer chain is as follows:

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Chapter 23, Problem 23.92EP , additional homework tip  6

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine that the electron carrier cyt c is associated with which of the protein complexes (I, II, III, and IV) of the ETC.

Concept introduction: Electron transport chain is a sequence of biochemical reactions in which electrons and hydrogen atoms from the citric acid cycle are transferred to various intermediate carriers and finally reacts with molecular oxygen to form a water molecule. There are four complexes associated with the electron transport chain that is present in the inner mitochondrial membrane. The four complexes that help in the electron transfer in the electron transport chain are:

Complex I: NADH-coenzymeQ reductase

Complex II: Succinate-coenzymeQ reductase

Complex III: CoenzymeQ-cytochrome c reductase

Complex IV: Cytochrome c oxidase

An overview of the electron transport chain is as follows:

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Chapter 23, Problem 23.92EP , additional homework tip  7

(c)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 23.92EP

Cyt c is associated with complex III and complex IV of the electron transport chain. Cyt c acts as a mobile electron carrier from complex III to complex IV.

Explanation of Solution

Electrons are transferred from the complex III to complex IV by cytc.

Complex IV contains 13 structural subunits. It has two cytochrome units that have copper along with iron. The copper also participates in the redox reactions and changes its oxidation state from +2 to +1. In the complex IV, cytc transfers electrons to cyta and cyta transfers it to cyta3. In the last step, electrons from cyta3 and hydrogen ions react with molecular oxygen to form water. The diagrammatic representation of the electron transfer in complex IV in the electron transport chain is:

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Chapter 23, Problem 23.92EP , additional homework tip  8

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine that the electron carrier cyt c1 is associated with which of the protein complexes (I, II, III, and IV) of the ETC.

Concept introduction: Electron transport chain is a sequence of biochemical reactions in which electrons and hydrogen atoms from the citric acid cycle are transferred to various intermediate carriers and finally reacts with molecular oxygen to form a water molecule. There are four complexes associated with the electron transport chain that is present in the inner mitochondrial membrane. The four complexes that help in the electron transfer in the electron transport chain are:

Complex I: NADH-coenzymeQ reductase

Complex II: Succinate-coenzymeQ reductase

Complex III: CoenzymeQ-cytochrome c reductase

Complex IV: Cytochrome c oxidase

An overview of the electron transport chain is as follows:

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Chapter 23, Problem 23.92EP , additional homework tip  9

(d)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 23.92EP

Cyt c1 is associated with the complex III of the electron transport chain. Cyt c1 transfers an electron to FeSP unit in the complex III.

Explanation of Solution

Complex III consists of 11 structural subunits. Its structural subunits contain iron-sulfur proteins and various cytochromes. cyt b and cyt c1 are present in the complex III. Initially, CoQH2 is oxidized and releases two electrons that are transferred to FeSP and then to cyt b. The electrons from cyt b is then again transferred to another unit of FeSP and then to cyt c1. Cyt c1 transfers it to cyt c unit and finally, electrons are transferred from complex III to complex IV through cyt c. The diagrammatic representation of electron transfer in complex I in the electron transfer chain is as follows:

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Chapter 23, Problem 23.92EP , additional homework tip  10

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Chapter 23 Solutions

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry

Ch. 23.3 - Which of the following statements concerning...Ch. 23.4 - Prob. 1QQCh. 23.4 - Prob. 2QQCh. 23.5 - Prob. 1QQCh. 23.5 - Prob. 2QQCh. 23.5 - Prob. 3QQCh. 23.6 - Which of the following occurs in the second stage...Ch. 23.6 - Which of the following stages in the biochemical...Ch. 23.6 - Prob. 3QQCh. 23.7 - Prob. 1QQCh. 23.7 - Prob. 2QQCh. 23.7 - Prob. 3QQCh. 23.7 - How many NADH and FADH2 molecules are produced,...Ch. 23.7 - Which of the following citric acid cycle...Ch. 23.7 - In which of the following listings of citric acid...Ch. 23.8 - Which of the following is a fuel for the electron...Ch. 23.8 - Prob. 2QQCh. 23.8 - What is the substrate that initially interacts...Ch. 23.8 - The number of fixed enzyme sites in the electron...Ch. 23.8 - In which of the following listings of electron...Ch. 23.8 - Prob. 6QQCh. 23.9 - How many of the four enzyme complexes in the...Ch. 23.9 - Prob. 2QQCh. 23.9 - Prob. 3QQCh. 23.10 - Prob. 1QQCh. 23.10 - Prob. 2QQCh. 23.11 - Prob. 1QQCh. 23.11 - Prob. 2QQCh. 23.11 - Prob. 3QQCh. 23.12 - Prob. 1QQCh. 23.12 - Prob. 2QQCh. 23 - Classify anabolism and catabolism as synthetic or...Ch. 23 - Classify anabolism and catabolism as...Ch. 23 - What is a metabolic pathway?Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.4EPCh. 23 - Classify each of the following processes as...Ch. 23 - Classify each of the following processes as...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.7EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.8EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.9EPCh. 23 - Indicate whether each of the following statements...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.11EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.12EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.13EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.14EPCh. 23 - Specify, by name and by number present, the...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.16EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.17EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.18EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.19EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.20EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.21EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.22EPCh. 23 - Write a generalized chemical equation, containing...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.24EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.25EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.26EPCh. 23 - Draw each of the following types of block diagrams...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.28EPCh. 23 - What is the name of the B vitamin present in each...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.30EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.31EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.32EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.33EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.34EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.35EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.36EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.37EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.38EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.39EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.40EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.41EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.42EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.43EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.44EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.45EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.46EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.47EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.48EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.49EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.50EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.51EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.52EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.53EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.54EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.55EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.56EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.57EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.58EPCh. 23 - List, by name, the four general stages of the...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.60EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.61EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.62EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.63EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.64EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.65EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.66EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.67EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.68EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.69EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.70EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.71EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.72EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.73EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.74EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.75EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.76EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.77EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.78EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.79EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.80EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.81EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.82EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.83EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.84EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.85EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.86EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.87EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.88EPCh. 23 - Indicate whether each of the following changes...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.90EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.91EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.92EPCh. 23 - Which electron carrier shuttles electrons between...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.94EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.95EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.96EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.97EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.98EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.99EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.100EPCh. 23 - Put the following substances in the correct order...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.102EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.103EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.104EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.105EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.106EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.107EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.108EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.109EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.110EPCh. 23 - How many protons cross the inner mitochondrial...Ch. 23 - How many protons cross the inner mitochondrial...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.113EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.114EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.115EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.116EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.117EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.118EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.119EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.120EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.121EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.122EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.123EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.124EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.125EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.126EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.127EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.128EPCh. 23 - Indicate whether or not each of the following B...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.130EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.131EPCh. 23 - Prob. 23.132EP
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