Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation: The structures for the products of the given oxidation reactions are to be drawn.
Concept introduction: When
To determine: The structure for the product of the given oxidation reaction.
(b)
Interpretation: The structures for the products of the given oxidation reactions are to be drawn.
Concept introduction: When aldehyde reacts with atmospheric oxygen under acidic condition. They have a tendency to form carboxylic acids. The reaction is known as autoxidation reaction. It is a nucleophilic addition reaction to
To determine: The structure for the product of the given oxidation reaction.
(c)
Interpretation: The structures for the products of the given oxidation reactions are to be drawn.
Concept introduction: When aldehyde reacts with atmospheric oxygen under acidic condition. They have a tendency to form carboxylic acids. The reaction is known as autoxidation reaction. It is a nucleophilic addition reaction to
To determine: The structure for the product of the given oxidation reaction.
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Chemistry
- Alcohols are very useful starting materials for the production of many different compounds. The following conversions, starting with 1-butanol, can be carried out in two or more steps. Show the steps (reactants/catalysts) you would follow to carry out the conversions, drawing the formula for the organic product in each step. For each step, a major product must be produced. (See Exercise 62.) (Hint: In the presence of H+, an alcohol is converted into an alkene and water. This is the exact reverse of the reaction of adding water to an alkene to form an alcohol.) a. 1-butanol butane b. 1-butanol 2-butanonearrow_forwardThe functional group R carboxylic acid anhydrides. esters. aldehydes. ketones. amides. carboxylic acids. -0-C-R is characteristic ofarrow_forwardThe C=O linkage occurs in molecules with the following functional groups EXCEPT a. esters b. carboxylic acids c. aldehydes d. amines e. ketonesarrow_forward
- Name the type of organic compound formed by each ofthe following reactions.a. elimination from an alcoholb. addition of hydrogen chloride to an alkenec. addition of water to an alkened. substitution of a hydroxyl group for a halogen atomarrow_forwardDraw the structure of each carboxylic acid or ester. a. pentanoic acid b. methyl hexanoate c. 3-ethylheptanoic acid d. butyl ethanoatearrow_forwardDefine the structure of a carboxylic acid ?arrow_forward
- Esters are produced by a process which can be characterized as a. a condensation reaction. b. a hydrolysis reaction. c. the reaction of alcohols with carboxylic acids. d. both a hydrolysis reaction and the reaction of alcohols with carboxylic acids. e. both a condensation reaction and the reaction of alcohols with carboxylic acids.arrow_forwardIdentify the organic functional groups and reaction type for the following reaction.The reactant is a(n)a. secondary amideb. carboxylic acidc. tertiary amided. aromatice. ketonef. primary amideg. aldehydeh. amineThe products are a(n)a. carboxylate ion and amineb. ketone and aminec. carboxylic acid and amided. carboxylic acid and alcohole. ester and aminef. aldehyde and amineg. carboxylic acid and ammonium ionThe reaction type isa. hydrolysis (in acid)b. amide synthesisc. hydrationd. esterificatione. dehydrationf. hydrolysis (in base)arrow_forwardWhat are the major products of the reaction of ethyl benzoate with hydrochloric acid and water? a. acetic acid and toluene b. phenylic acid and ethanol C. ethanoic acid and benzene d. benzoic acid and ethanol e. phenylic acid and methanol O a O barrow_forward
- How does the structure of an alcohol differ from an ether? Describe how an aldehyde differs in structure from a ketone. Thiols are compounds which resemble alcohols, except that the oxygen atom is replaced by a sulfur atom. Draw the analogous thiol for the four carbon alcohol in Table 1. Describe the structural difference between carboxylic acids and esters. Are ethers polar molecules? Would you expect ethers to have higher or lower boiling points than alkanes (circle one)? Explain. Pentane (an alkane) has a boiling point of 36 °C. Does the data agree with your prediction? explain why this could be the casearrow_forwardHO The IUPAC name for the line structural diagram shown above is O a. 1,5-pentanediol O b. pentane-1,5-diol O c. heptane-1,7-diol The organic compound shown in Question 7 is classified as a(n) O a. alcohol O b. carboxylic acid O c. ester Od. halogenated hydrocarbon The organic compound shown in Question 7 contains which functional group? O a. carboxyl O b. ester linkage O c. halogen Od. hydroxyl OH A student wrote the condensed formula shown below: CH₂CH₂COOH The IUPAC name for this condensed formula is: O a. propanol O b. ethanoic acid O c. propanoic acid O d. propanoate The organic compound in Question 10 is classified as a(n) Select one: O alcohol Oester O halogenated hydrocarbon O carboxylic acid The organic compound in Question 10 contains which functional group? Select one: O halogen O carboxyl Oester linkage O hydroxylarrow_forwardWhat are fats and oils? a. ketones formed of two or more esters b. any large molecular weight organic compound that has been saturated c. esters formed from glycerol and three carboxylic acids d. polymers of repeating aromatic hydrocarbonsarrow_forward
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