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(a)
Interpretation: The given incomplete reaction should be completed and its balanced net ionic equation has to be determined.
Concept introduction:
Transition element is one which can form one or more stable ions with a partially occupied d-subshell. Most of the
Ionic equation is an equation in which ions are explicitly shown.
Spectator ions are the ion that appears unchanged on both sides of a reaction arrow.
Net ionic equation is the chemical equation for a reaction which lists only those species participating in the reaction.
To write the net ionic equation, steps mentioned below must be followed.
- 1. Write the balanced molecular equation
- 2. Write the ionic equation showing the strong electrolytes completely dissociated into cations and anions.
- 3. Cancel the spectator ions on both sides of the ionic equation.
- 4. Check that charges and number of atoms are balanced in the net ionic equation.
(b)
Interpretation: The given incomplete reaction should be completed and its balanced net ionic equation has to be determined.
Concept introduction:
Transition element is one which can form one or more stable ions with a partially occupied d-subshell. Most of the transition elements are metals and majority of elements exists in various oxidation states also.
Ionic equation is an equation in which ions are explicitly shown.
Spectator ions are the ion that appears unchanged on both sides of a reaction arrow.
Net ionic equation is the chemical equation for a reaction which lists only those species participating in the reaction.
To write the net ionic equation, steps mentioned below must be followed.
- 1. Write the balanced molecular equation
- 2. Write the ionic equation showing the strong electrolytes completely dissociated into cations and anions.
- 3. Cancel the spectator ions on both sides of the ionic equation.
- 4. Check that charges and number of atoms are balanced in the net ionic equation.
(c)
Interpretation: The given incomplete reaction should be completed and its balanced net ionic equation has to be determined.
Concept introduction:
Transition element is one which can form one or more stable ions with a partially occupied d-subshell. Most of the transition elements are metals and majority of elements exists in various oxidation states also.
Ionic equation is an equation in which ions are explicitly shown.
Spectator ions are the ion that appears unchanged on both sides of a reaction arrow.
Net ionic equation is the chemical equation for a reaction which lists only those species participating in the reaction.
To write the net ionic equation, steps mentioned below must be followed.
- 1. Write the balanced molecular equation
- 2. Write the ionic equation showing the strong electrolytes completely dissociated into cations and anions.
- 3. Cancel the spectator ions on both sides of the ionic equation.
- 4. Check that charges and number of atoms are balanced in the net ionic equation.
(d)
Interpretation: The given incomplete reaction should be completed and its balanced net ionic equation has to be determined.
Concept introduction:
Transition element is one which can form one or more stable ions with a partially occupied d-subshell. Most of the transition elements are metals and majority of elements exists in various oxidation states also.
Ionic equation is an equation in which ions are explicitly shown.
Spectator ions are the ion that appears unchanged on both sides of a reaction arrow.
Net ionic equation is the chemical equation for a reaction which lists only those species participating in the reaction.
To write the net ionic equation, steps mentioned below must be followed.
- 1. Write the balanced molecular equation
- 2. Write the ionic equation showing the strong electrolytes completely dissociated into cations and anions.
- 3. Cancel the spectator ions on both sides of the ionic equation.
- 4. Check that charges and number of atoms are balanced in the net ionic equation.
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Chapter 20 Solutions
General Chemistry: Atoms First
- When carbon dioxide dissolves in water it reacts to produce carbonic acid, H2CO3(aq), which can ionize in two steps. H2CO3(aq)HCO3(aq)+H+(aq)Kc1=4.2107HCO3(aq)CO32(aq)+H+(aq)Kc2=4.81011 Calculate the equilibrium constant for the reaction H2CO3(aq)CO32(aq)+2H+(aq)arrow_forwardAnswer the following questions by referring to standard electrode potentials at 25C. a Will oxygen, O2, oxidize iron(II) ion in solution under standard conditions? b Will copper metal reduce 1.0 M Ni2(aq) to metallic nickel?arrow_forward2. What is the oxidation number of the metal in (NH4)3[Fe(CN)6]? 0 +1 +2 +3arrow_forward
- In the commercial preparation of aluminum, aluminum oxide, Al2O3, is electrolyzed at 1000C. (The mineral cryolite is added as a solvent.) Assume that the cathode reaction is Al3+3eAl How many coulombs of electricity are required to give 3.9 kg of aluminum?arrow_forwardWhich of the following elements is most likely to be used to prepare La by the reduction of La2O3: Al, C, or Fe? Why?arrow_forwardPhosphate buffers are important in regulating the pH of intracellular fluids. If the concentration ratio of H2PO4/HPO42 in a sample of intracellular fluid is 1.1: 1, what is the pH of this sample of intracellular fluid? H2PO4(aq)HPO42(aq)+H+(aq)Ka=6.2108arrow_forward
- Sodium perchlorate, NaClO4, is produced by electrolysis of sodium chlorate, NaClO3. If a current of 2.50 103 A passes through an electrolytic cell, how many kilograms of sodium perchlorate are produced per hour?arrow_forwardXenon trioxide, XeO3, is reduced to xenon in acidic solution by iodide ion. Iodide ion is oxidized to iodine, I2. Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction.arrow_forwardThe amount of sodium hypochlorite in a bleach solution can be determined by using a given volume of bleach to oxidize excess iodide ion to iodine; ClO- is reduced to Cl-. The amount of iodine produced by the redox reaction is determined by titration with sodium thiosulfate, Na2S2O3; I2 is reduced to I-. The sodium thiosulfate is oxidized to sodium tetrathionate, Na2S4O6. In this analysis, potassium iodide was added in excess to 5.00 mL of bleach (d=1.00g/cm3) . If 25.00 mL of 0.0700 M Na2S2O3 was required to reduce all the iodine produced by the bleach back to iodide, what is the mass percent of NaClO in the bleach?arrow_forward
- Calculate the equilibrium constant for the reaction: NO2 (g) + NO (g) N2O (g) + O2 (g)arrow_forward(ii) The thermite reaction can be used to join railway tracks together. Aluminium is used in this reaction to produce iron from iron oxide. Fe,0, + 2Al 2Fe + Al,O, Explain why this reaction is a redox reaction.arrow_forwardDescribe the reaction Cu(OH)2 → CuO + H2Oarrow_forward
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