(a) Interpretation: The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of Li can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated. Concept introduction: According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as, 1 s < 2 s < 2 p < 3 s < 3 p < 4 s < 3 d < 4 p < 5 s < 4 d < 5 p < 6 s < 4 f < 5 d < 6 p < 7 s < 5 f < 6 d < 7 p Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 12, Problem 12.32E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of Li can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of C can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of K can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of Be can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of U can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 12, Problem 12.32E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of Li can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of C can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of K can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of Be can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of U can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 12, Problem 12.32E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of Li can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of C can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of K can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of Be can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of U can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 12, Problem 12.32E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of Li can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of C can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of K can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of Be can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of U can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

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Answer 5

Chapter 12, Problem 12.32E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of Li can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of C can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of K can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of Be can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of U can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Answer 6

Chapter 12, Problem 12.32E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of Li can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Answer 7

Chapter 12, Problem 12.32E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of Li can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of C can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of C can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of K can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of K can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Answer 12

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of Be can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Answer 13

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of Be can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Answer 14

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of U can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Answer 15

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of U can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Answer 16

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 17

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 18

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Answer 19

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Solution Summary: The author explains how electrons in the outermost shell of Li can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund's rule.

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Chapter 12 Solutions