Chapter 12, Problem 103E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:Atoms $\text{Te}$ , $\text{S}$ , $\text{Se}$ should be arranged based on least to greatest size.

Concept introduction: As one moves from top to bottom the shells expands and size increases, while it decreases as one move along the period because of gradual increases in effective nuclear charge. This in turn increases influence of nucleus on valence electron and shrinks the radius along the horizontal row.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:Atoms $\text{K}$ , $\text{Br}$ , $\text{Ni}$ should be arranged based on least to greatest size.

Concept introduction: As one moves from top to bottom the shells expands and size increases, while it decreases as one moves along the period because of gradual increases in effective nuclear charge. This, in turn, increases influence of nucleus on valence electron and shrinks the radius along the horizontal row.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:Atom $\text{Ba}$ , $\text{Si}$ , $\text{F}$ should be arranged based on least to greatest size.

Concept introduction: As one moves from top to bottom the shells expands and size increases, while it decreases as one moves along the period because of gradual increases in effective nuclear charge. This, in turn, increases influence of nucleus on valence electron and shrinks the radius along the horizontal row.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:Atoms $\text{Rb}$ , $\text{Na}$ , $\text{Be}$ should be arranged based on least to greatest size.

Concept introduction:As one moves from top to bottom the shells expands and size increases, while it decreases as one moves along the period because of gradual increases in effective nuclear charge. This, in turn, increases influence of nucleus on valence electron and shrinks the radius along the horizontal row.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:Atom $\text{Ne}$ , $\text{Se}$ , $\text{Sr}$ should be arranged based on least to greatest size.

Concept introduction:As one moves from top to bottom the shells expands and size increases, while it decreases as one moves along the period because of gradual increases in effective nuclear charge. This, in turn, increases influence of nucleus on valence electron and shrinks the radius along the horizontal row.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:Atom $\text{Fe}$ , $\text{P}$ , $\text{O}$ should be arranged based on least to greatest size.

Concept introduction:As one moves from top to bottom the shells expands and size increases, while it decreases as one moves along the period because of gradual increases in effective nuclear charge. This, in turn, increases influence of nucleus on valence electron and shrinks the radius along the horizontal row.