The protein NK2 is a transcriptional regulator that functions both as a repressor and activator. To map the two domains more precisely a research group introduced deletion mutations within the coding sequences and studied the effect of a mutation on the NK2 regulatory function. A reporter construct (b-gal activity measurement) was used to monitor gene expression (row 15). Expression in the absence of NK2 was set at 100% (row 15). Repression is indicated by a significant reduction in expression (see row 14 for example) and activation is indicated by higher that 100% activity (e. g., row 11). The presence of the wild type NK2 led to near complete inhibition of expression (row 14). In the figure a deletion is shown as an open area and the residues deleted are indicated on the left (e.g., the row 13 mutant has a deletion of residues 1-97). From the data presented in the Figur, answer the following questions.a) Which region(s) of the protein is required for repression function?b) Is the C-terminal end required for repression?c) What is the minimum region needed for repression?d) Is the region labelled ‘HD’ sufficient for activation?e) What is the minimum region needed for activation?(A region refers to an amino acid segment, e.g., aa 15-275) **Figure 1: Effect of Deletion in NK-2 on Its Transcription Regulatory Functions**This figure illustrates the impact of deletions in the NK-2 gene on its ability to regulate transcription. The graphic includes a series of 15 rows, each representing a different deletion variant of NK-2.- **Rows 1 to 15**: - Each row displays a horizontal bar with segmented black and white rectangles. - The **rectangles** indicate which gene segments are present (black) or deleted (white). - **Key Variants**: - **Row 1 (R-D Hom)**, **Row 9 (HD)**, and **Row 14 (Wt NK-2)**: Display specific segment patterns as controls or full sequences. - Rows with **∆(numbers)** denote deletions at specified sequence positions. - **Bar Graph**: - To the right of the segment diagrams, the bar graph quantifies gene activity using β-galactosidase (β-gal) activity, normalized to a percentage. - The x-axis measures normalized % of β-gal activity, ranging from 0 to 250. - Longer black bars indicate higher transcriptional activity.- **Explanation**: - The presence or absence of specific regions of the NK-2 gene affects its regulatory activity, as depicted by different levels of β-gal activity. - The extent of deletion correlates with changes in transcriptional regulation capability. The study of these deletions provides insights into the functions of specific NK-2 segments in gene transcription regulation.

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Description: The protein NK2 is a transcriptional regulator that functions both as a repressor and activator. To map the two domains more precisely a research group introduced deletion mutations within the coding sequences and studied the effect of a mutation on

A regulatory protein regulates the expression of a gene by binding with that gene through its DNA binding domain. These types of proteins generally have two domains: DNA binding domain and regulatory/ligand binding domain. Though DNA binding domain, it binds with DNA, and ligand binds with the ligand binding domain that controls the conformation of the protein. Ultimately the conformation decides the final activity of the protein.a) A number of regions, including 167-277, 97-194, 1-277, and 1-94 are required for the repression activity. Because the mutations in these regions were found to contribute to the expression of the gene in good amount. b) No, the C-terminal end was not found to contribute in the repression activity. Most of the regions, which were found to play role in repression activity fall under the N-terminal portion. c) The minimum region needed for the repression is 97-167; this is the shortest region, whose mutation showed the least amount of expression. d) No; in most the cases, the repression was found where the regions for activation were deleted inspite of having the intact HD region. e) The minimum region for activation was found 1-97. This is the shortest region, whose mutation showed the absence of expression.

Answered: 12445 RD-Hom 4(167-277) A(194-277)…

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The protein NK2 is a transcriptional regulator that functions both as a repressor and activator. To map the two domains more precisely a research group introduced deletion mutations within the coding sequences and studied the effect of a mutation on the NK2 regulatory function. A reporter construct (b-gal activity measurement) was used to monitor gene expression (row 15). Expression in the absence of NK2 was set at 100% (row 15). Repression is
indicated by a significant reduction in expression (see row 14 for example) and activation is indicated by higher that 100% activity (e. g., row 11). The presence of the wild type NK2 led to near complete inhibition of expression (row 14). In the figure a deletion is shown as an open area and the residues deleted are indicated on the left (e.g., the row 13 mutant has a deletion of residues 1-97).

From the data presented in the Figur, answer the following questions.
a) Which region(s) of the protein is required for repression function?
b) Is the C-terminal end required for repression?
c) What is the minimum region needed for repression?
d) Is the region labelled ‘HD’ sufficient for activation?
e) What is the minimum region needed for activation?
(A region refers to an amino acid segment, e.g., aa 15-275)

**Figure 1: Effect of Deletion in NK-2 on Its Transcription Regulatory Functions**

This figure illustrates the impact of deletions in the NK-2 gene on its ability to regulate transcription. The graphic includes a series of 15 rows, each representing a different deletion variant of NK-2.

- **Rows 1 to 15**:
- Each row displays a horizontal bar with segmented black and white rectangles.
- The **rectangles** indicate which gene segments are present (black) or deleted (white).

- **Key Variants**:
- **Row 1 (R-D Hom)**, **Row 9 (HD)**, and **Row 14 (Wt NK-2)**: Display specific segment patterns as controls or full sequences.
- Rows with **∆(numbers)** denote deletions at specified sequence positions.

- **Bar Graph**:
- To the right of the segment diagrams, the bar graph quantifies gene activity using β-galactosidase (β-gal) activity, normalized to a percentage.
- The x-axis measures normalized % of β-gal activity, ranging from 0 to 250.
- Longer black bars indicate higher transcriptional activity.

- **Explanation**:
- The presence or absence of specific regions of the NK-2 gene affects its regulatory activity, as depicted by different levels of β-gal activity.
- The extent of deletion correlates with changes in transcriptional regulation capability.

The study of these deletions provides insights into the functions of specific NK-2 segments in gene transcription regulation.

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