Chapter 9, Problem 103A

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The formulas of the given ionic compounds are to be stated.

Concept Introduction: Ionic compounds are formed by the complete transfer of electrons from metals to non-metals. They are crystalline compounds. They are named as: Name of the metal + Stem of non-metal + ‘ide’.

Answer to Problem 103A

The chemical formula of the ionic compound calcium carbonate is ${\text{CaCO}}_{\text{3}}$ , and magnesium hydroxide is ${\text{Mg(OH)}}_{\text{2}}$ .

Explanation of Solution

The given compound is calcium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide. The former contains the metal calcium denoted by the symbol Ca and the carbonate group ${\text{CO}}_{\text{3}}{}^{\text{2-}}$ . Thus, the formula ${\text{CaCO}}_{\text{3}}$ . The latter compound contains the metal ion magnesium ${\text{Mg}}^{2+}$ and two hydroxide groups ${\text{OH}}^{\text{-}}$ to balance the charge. So, the formula is ${\text{Mg(OH)}}_{\text{2}}$ .

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The formulas of the given ionic compounds are to be stated.

Concept Introduction: Ionic compounds are formed by the complete transfer of electrons from metals to non-metals. They are crystalline compounds. They are named as: Name of the metal + Stem of non-metal + ‘ide’.

Answer to Problem 103A

The chemical formula of the ionic compounds in the toothpaste, sodium fluoride is $\text{NaF}$ and potassium nitrate is ${\text{KNO}}_{\text{3}}$ .

Explanation of Solution

The given compound is sodium fluoride. It contains a sodium ion ${\text{Na}}^{\text{+}}$ , and a fluoride ion ${\text{F}}^{-}$ . Thus the formula is NaF. Potassium nitrate contains one potassium ion $\left({\text{K}}^{\text{+}}\right)$ bonded with a nitrate ion $\left({\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}{}^{-}\right)$ . So the formula is ${\text{KNO}}_{\text{3}}$ .

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The formulas of the given ionic compounds are to be stated.

Concept Introduction: Ionic compounds are formed by the complete transfer of electrons from metals to non-metals. They are crystalline compounds. They are named as: Name of the metal + Stem of non-metal + ‘ide’.

Answer to Problem 103A

The compound titanium(IV) oxide can be represented by the chemical formula ${\text{TiO}}_{\text{2}}$ and zinc oxide by $\text{ZnO}$ .

Explanation of Solution

Titanium(IV) oxide contains the metal titanium ion ${\text{Ti}}^{\text{4+}}$ and two oxide ions ${\text{O}}^{2-}$ . The two is written as a subscript, hence the formula is ${\text{TiO}}_{\text{2}}$ whereas zinc oxide contains one ${\text{Zn}}^{\text{2+}}$ ion and an oxide ion gives the formula $\text{ZnO}$ .

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The formulas of the given ionic compounds are to be stated.

Concept Introduction: Ionic compounds are formed by the complete transfer of

electrons from metals to non-metals. They are crystalline compounds. They are named as: Name of the metal + Stem of non-metal + ‘ide’.

Answer to Problem 103A

The chemical formula of the compound ferrous sulfate is ${\text{FeSO}}_{\text{4}}$ .

Explanation of Solution

Ferrous sulfate contains the metal iron in a +2 oxidation state $\left({\text{Fe}}^{\text{2+}}\right)$ and a sulfate ion $\left({\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}{}^{\text{2-}}\right)$ . So the formula is ${\text{FeSO}}_{\text{4}}$ .