Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (3rd Edition)
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134605173
Author: Mark F. Sanders, John L. Bowman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 8, Problem 12P
Draw a bacterial promoter and label its consensus sequences. How does this promoter differ from a eukaryotic promoter transcribed by RNA polymerase II? By RNA polymerase I? By RNA polymerase III?
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Microbiologists describe the processes of transcription and translation as “coupled” in bacteria. This term indicates that bacterial mRNA can be undergoing transcription at the same moment it is also undergoing translation.
How is coupling possible in bacteria?
Is coupling of transcription and translation possible in single-celled eukaryotes, such as yeast? Why or why not?
When would a ribosome bind to a promoter sequence?
A) It wouldn't. A promoter is a DNA sequence, and ribosomes don't bind to DNA.
B) When the ribosome needs to transcribe the gene that that promoter controls.
C) When the ribosome is translating the DNA sequence of a gene.
D) When there is a start codon (AUG) in the promoter sequence.
.
A given coding strand sequence in a Eukaryote is as follows
5'GGGAATATAA GACCGATGGA GGGTACAG CCCTATCAC GATACGCAGG
ATAGCAGCA 3"
a) Mark the promoter in blue and transcribe from the G after the promoter.
b) Translate the mRNA made
c) The mRNA made by the cell was 10 nucleotides shorter than what you have
made. What could have happened?
d) EXTRA practice: A particular triplet of bases in the coding strand of DNA is 5'GAC 3'.
What is the amino acid for this codon and will be the anticodon on the tRNA that binds
the mRNA codon?
Chapter 8 Solutions
Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (3rd Edition)
Ch. 8 - Prob. 1PCh. 8 - 8.2 In one to two sentences each, describe the...Ch. 8 - 8.3 Answer these questions concerning...Ch. 8 - 8.4 The diagram below shows a DNA duplex. The...Ch. 8 - The following is a portion of an mRNA sequence:...Ch. 8 - Compare and contrast the properties of DNA...Ch. 8 - The DNA sequences shown below are from the...Ch. 8 - Bacterial and eukaryotic gene transcripts can...Ch. 8 - Describe the two types of transcription...Ch. 8 - What is the role of enhancer sequences in...
Ch. 8 - Prob. 11PCh. 8 - Draw a bacterial promoter and label its consensus...Ch. 8 - For a eukaryotic gene whose transcription require...Ch. 8 - Three genes identified in the diagram as A, B and...Ch. 8 - Prob. 15PCh. 8 - 8.16 The segment of the bacterial gene involved in...Ch. 8 - Prob. 17PCh. 8 - Prob. 18PCh. 8 - 8.19 A DNA fragment from the end of the mouse...Ch. 8 - 8.20 Wild-type E. coli grow best at but can grow...Ch. 8 - A mutant strain of Salmonella bacteria carries a...Ch. 8 - 8.22 The human wild-type allele and a certain...Ch. 8 - Prob. 23PCh. 8 - A full-length eukaryotic gene is inserted into a...Ch. 8 - The accompanying illustration shows a portion of a...Ch. 8 - DNA footprint protection (described in Research...Ch. 8 - Suppose you have a 1-kb segment of cloned DNA that...Ch. 8 - Assume that a mutation affects the gene for each...Ch. 8 - 8.29 The DNA sequence below gives the first base...Ch. 8 - 8.30 Genomic DNA from a mouse is isolated,...Ch. 8 - 8.31 A portion of a human gene is isolated from...
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- What are the differences between translation and transcription in bacteria and eukaryotes? Give a brief description of how transcription works in bacteria using the words: initiation, elongation, and termination. Give a brief description of how mRNA is transcribed in the nucleus and leaves the nucleus. Must use words: 3’ cap, 5’ tail, ribsome, gene splicing, introns, nuclear pore.arrow_forwardThis diagram shows a double-stranded section of DNA. The arrow indicates location and strand of the transcription start site. The direction of transcription is also indicated. In which box would you find a 5’TATAA \3’ promoter sequence that would be used for initiating transcription at the start site shown? a) Box A b) Box B c) Box C d) Box Darrow_forwardThe following segment of DNA is part of the RNA-coding sequence of a transcription unit. If the bottom strand is template, which of the following RNA sequences would be transcribed? DNA: 5-'ATAGGCGATGCCA-3' 3'-TATCCGCTACGGT-5' O 5'-UAUCCGCUACGGU-3' O 5'-ACCGUAGCGGAUA-3' O 5'-AUAGGCGAUGCCA-3' O 5'-UGGCAUCGCCUAU-3'arrow_forward
- Match the following terms related to transcription in eukaryotes (you may use terms more than once or not at all) A) RNA Polymerase I, B) RNA Polymerase II, C) RNA Polymerase III, D) All 3 RNA Polymerases E) None of the above 1. Driven only by downstream promoter elements __________ 2. Promoter contains TATA box __________ 3. rRNA __________ 4. tRNA __________ 5. mRNA __________ 6. snRNA __________ 7. A second class of promoters contains CAAT box 100-200 nucleotides from the start site of transcription __________ 8. Synthesize RNA 5’ to 3’ __________ 9. Synthesizes RNA 3’ to 5’ __________ 10. Very sensitive to α-amanitin __________arrow_forwardIn bacterial genes, as soon as any partial mRNA transcript is produced by the RNA polymerase system, the ribosome assembles on it and starts translating. Draw a diagram of this process, identifying 5′ and 3′ ends of mRNA, the COOH and NH2 ends of the protein, the RNA polymerase, and at least one ribosome. Why couldn’t this system work in eukaryotes?arrow_forwardDescribe what would happen to the lac operon in a low-lactose environment and in a high lactose environment. a) How will each of these environments affect gene expression? b) What would happen to the repressor in each case? c) How will each of these environments affect RNA polymerase?arrow_forward
- Using the transcription unit diagrammed below, in which exons are represented by blue boxes and introns are represented by the connecting lines. You discover a single base deletion in region E of this DNA sequence. Regarding transcription, this mutation will likely: 1.) Result in an alteration to the mRNA sequence. 2.)Have no effect on transcription or the mRNA sequence 3.)Prevent transcription at the TATAA box 4.) Result in an increase or decrease in the amount of mRNA transcribedarrow_forwardWhich is the coding strand? Which is the template strand? What is the direction of mRNA transcription by RNA-Polymerase for this gene?arrow_forwardWhat is a response element? O A) A short stretch of DNA sequence implicated in the initiation of translation O B) A short stretch of DNA sequence essential for RNA splicing O C) A short stretch of DNA sequence found within the basal and regulatory promoter regions of genes D) A special protein implicated in the initiation of transcriptionarrow_forward
- The following sequence is from a region of the M13 bacteriophage genome. Identify and label the promoter elements that would be recognized by the bacterial RNA polymerase. Where would transcription begin? CAGGCGATGATCAAATCTCCGTTGTACTTTGTTTCGCGCGTTGGTATAATCGCTGGGGTCAAGATGAGTarrow_forwardWhich component of the bacterial RNA polymerase recognizes the promoter?arrow_forwardHow long would it take for the E. coli RNA polymerase to synthesize the primary transcript for the E. coli genes encoding the enzymes for lactose metabolism, the 5,300 bp5,300 bp lac operon? Assume an average elongation rate of 7070 nucleotides per second. a)How far along the DNA would the transcription "bubble" formed by RNA polymerase move in 10 seconds10 seconds? b)Assuming that human Pol II transcribes at a similar rate, how long does it take to transcribe the 2,000,000 bp2,000,000 bp dystrophin gene?arrow_forward
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Bacterial Genomics and Metagenomics; Author: Quadram Institute;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_6IdVTAFXoU;License: Standard youtube license