Chapter 7.3, Problem 25PP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The formula for ionic compounds composed of Calcium and Chlorate.

Concept introduction:

Chemical compounds are formed when the atoms, ions or molecules of two substances are attracted towards each other forming a chemical bond. This bond can be electrostatic when two oppositely charged ions are attracted towards each other and this bond is said to be ionic bond.

Answer to Problem 25PP

The formula of ionic compound composed of Calcium and Chlorate is ${\text{Ca(ClO}}_3{)}_2$.

Explanation of Solution

The formation of Calcium Chlorate is when Calcium ion interact with Chlorateion..

The electronic configuration of Calcium is ${\text{1s}}^{\text{2}} {\text{2s}}^{\text{2}} {\text{2p}}^{\text{6}} {\text{3s}}^2 3{\text{p}}^6{\text{4s}}^2$ or $\left[\text{Ar}\right]{\text{4s}}^2$

The Chlorate ion is Chlorine bonded to 3 oxygen atoms. Here chlorine atom forms 2 double bonds with two oxygen atoms and a single bond with one oxygen. has overall charge of -1.

Calcium has two valence electron in its outermost shell and will give up these two electrons to form Calcium ions, ${\text{Ca}}^{2+}$ while ${\text{ClO}}_3{}^{-}$ is -1. As Calcium has charge of +2, there needs to be two electrons to balance the charges. Hence, 2 ${\text{ClO}}_3{}^{-}$ is required to form an ionic bond with Calcium. Here, there is electrostatic force of attraction between one Calcium ion and two Chlorate ions. This results in the formation of ${\text{Ca(ClO}}_3{)}_2$ compound.

Conclusion

The formula of ionic compound composed of Calcium and Chlorate is ${\text{Ca(ClO}}_3{)}_2$.