Chapter 7, Problem 43A

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The ions required to form calcium fluoride needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: An ionic compound is formed when a metal reacts with a non-metal. Here, metal is electron efficient and loses electrons while non-metal is electron deficient, thus, it gains electrons. In an ionic compound, metal has a positive charge and non-metal has a negative charge.

Answer to Problem 43A

  ${\text{Ca}}^{2+}$ and ${\text{F}}^{-}$

Explanation of Solution

Calcium fluoride is formed from calcium and fluorine atoms. The formula is ${\text{CaF}}_{\text{2}}$ . Here, calcium has a +2 charge and fluorine has a -1 charge. Thus, ions required to form calcium fluoride are ${\text{Ca}}^{2+}$ and ${\text{F}}^{-}$ .

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The ions required to form aluminum bromide needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: An ionic compound is formed when a metal reacts with a non-metal. Here, metal is electron efficient and loses electrons while non-metal is electron deficient, thus, it gains electrons. In an ionic compound, metal has a positive charge and non-metal has a negative charge.

Answer to Problem 43A

  ${\text{Al}}^{3+}$ and ${\text{Br}}^{-}$

Explanation of Solution

Aluminum bromide is formed from aluminum and bromine atoms. The formula is ${\text{AlBr}}_3$ . Here, aluminum has a +3 charge and bromine has a -1 charge. Thus, ions required to form aluminum bromide are ${\text{Al}}^{3+}$ and ${\text{Br}}^{-}$ .

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The ions required to form lithium oxide needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: An ionic compound is formed when a metal reacts with a non-metal. Here, metal is electron efficient and loses electrons while non-metal is electron deficient, thus, it gains electrons. In an ionic compound, metal has a positive charge and non-metal has a negative charge.

Answer to Problem 43A

  ${\text{Li}}^{+}$ and ${\text{O}}^{2-}$

Explanation of Solution

Lithium oxide is formed from lithium and oxygen atoms. The formula is ${\text{Li}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}$ . Here, lithium has a +1 charge and oxygen has a -2 charge. Thus, ions required to form lithium oxide are ${\text{Li}}^{+}$ and ${\text{O}}^{2-}$ .

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The ions required to form aluminumsulphide needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: An ionic compound is formed when a metal reacts with a non-metal. Here, metal is electron efficient and loses electrons while non-metal is electron deficient, thus, it gains electrons. In an ionic compound, metal has a positive charge and non-metal has a negative charge.

Answer to Problem 43A

  ${\text{Al}}^{3+}$ and ${\text{S}}^{2-}$

Explanation of Solution

Aluminum sulphide is formed from aluminum and sulphide atoms. The formula is ${\text{Al}}_{\text{2}}{\text{S}}_{\text{3}}$ . Here, aluminium has +3 charge and sulphide has -2 charge. Thus, ions required to form aluminium sulphide are ${\text{Al}}^{3+}$ and ${\text{S}}^{2-}$ .

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The ions required to form potassium nitride needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: An ionic compound is formed when a metal reacts with a non-metal. Here, metal is electron efficient and loses electrons while non-metal is electron deficient, thus, it gains electrons. In an ionic compound, metal has a positive charge and non-metal has a negative charge.

Answer to Problem 43A

  ${\text{K}}^{+}$ and ${\text{N}}^{3-}$

Explanation of Solution

Potassium nitride is formed from potassium and nitrogen atoms. The formula is ${\text{K}}_3\text{N}$ . Here, potassium has a +1 charge and nitrogen has a -3 charge. Thus, ions required to form potassium nitride are ${\text{K}}^{+}$ and ${\text{N}}^{3-}$ .