Chapter 6, Problem 77A

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The different sections of the periodic table, name each of the section and the elements in each section needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Periodic table is a tabular representation of chemical elements together with their symbols, atomic numbers and atomic masses. The chemical characteristics of each element are determined by their protons and electrons number.

Answer to Problem 77A

Periodic table contains four blocks s, p, d and f.

Explanation of Solution

The periodic table is split into four blocks s, p, d and f. The diagram is given below:

In s- block, two groups are present alkali metals (group 1) and alkaline earth metals (group 2). Alkali metals contain one s electron in their outermost shell and alkaline earth metals contain two s electrons in their outermost shell.

Groups 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 and 18 elements are called p- block elements. Group 13 elements have two s- electrons and one p electron in their outer shell, Group 14 elements have four outer electrons, and similarly group 15, 16, 17 and 18 have 5, 6, 7 and 8 outer shell electrons respectively.

The d- block elements are known as transition elements they have filled d orbitals.

The f- block elements are composed into two sets lanthanides and actinides. They have filled f orbitals.