Organic Chemistry As a Second Language: Second Semester Topics
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781119110651
Author: David R. Klein
Publisher: WILEY
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Question
Chapter 4.6, Problem 4.53P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
Directing effects of the given compound have to be predicted.
Concept Introduction:
Deactivators are electron withdrawing groups attached to the benzenes that have either positive charge or an atom with high electronegativity. They are meta directors.
- Strong deactivators: They are very strong electron withdrawing groups.
- Moderate deactivators: It contains a pi bond that is attached to a strong electronegative group.
- Weak deactivators: It consists of halogens.
Activators are electron donating groups attached to the benzenes that have either electron density that is able to push into benzene ring or a lone pair of electrons. They are ortho-para directing.
- Strong activators: It contains a lone pair next to the
aromatic ring. - Moderate activators: It has a lone pair next to the aromatic ring that can take part in the resonance outside the ring as well.
- Weak activators: It consists of alkyl groups.
Halogens are deactivators that are ortho-para directing.
Rules to identify the group that dominates the directing effects:
- Ortho-para directors will always dominate meta directors.
- Strong activators will always dominate weak activators.
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Chapter 4 Solutions
Organic Chemistry As a Second Language: Second Semester Topics
Ch. 4.1 - Consider the following reaction, in which an...Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 4.3PCh. 4.1 - Aromatic rings will also undergo iodination when...Ch. 4.2 - In each of the following cases, identify the...Ch. 4.2 - In each of the following cases, identify the...Ch. 4.2 - In each of the following cases, identify the...Ch. 4.3 - Prob. 4.10PCh. 4.3 - Prob. 4.11PCh. 4.3 - Prob. 4.12PCh. 4.3 - Prob. 4.13P
Ch. 4.3 - Prob. 4.14PCh. 4.3 - Predict the products of the following reaction.Ch. 4.3 - Prob. 4.16PCh. 4.3 - Prob. 4.17PCh. 4.4 - Identify the reagents you would use to achieve...Ch. 4.4 - Identify the reagents you would use to achieve...Ch. 4.4 - Identify the reagents you would use to achieve...Ch. 4.4 - Identify the reagents you would use to achieve...Ch. 4.4 - fill in the reagents you would use for the...Ch. 4.4 - fill in the reagents you would use for the...Ch. 4.4 - fill in the reagents you would use for the...Ch. 4.4 - fill in the reagents you would use for the...Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 4.27PCh. 4.4 - Prob. 4.28PCh. 4.4 - And now, for a challenging problem, try to draw...Ch. 4.6 - Prob. 4.31PCh. 4.6 - Prob. 4.32PCh. 4.6 - Prob. 4.33PCh. 4.6 - Prob. 4.34PCh. 4.6 - Prob. 4.35PCh. 4.6 - Prob. 4.36PCh. 4.6 - Prob. 4.37PCh. 4.6 - Prob. 4.40PCh. 4.6 - Prob. 4.41PCh. 4.6 - Predict the products for each of the following...Ch. 4.6 - Predict the products for each of the following...Ch. 4.6 - Predict the products for each of the following...Ch. 4.6 - Predict the products for each of the following...Ch. 4.6 - Prob. 4.47PCh. 4.6 - Prob. 4.48PCh. 4.6 - Prob. 4.49PCh. 4.6 - Prob. 4.50PCh. 4.6 - Prob. 4.51PCh. 4.6 - Prob. 4.52PCh. 4.6 - Prob. 4.53PCh. 4.6 - Prob. 4.54PCh. 4.6 - Prob. 4.55PCh. 4.6 - Prob. 4.56PCh. 4.7 - Prob. 4.58PCh. 4.7 - Prob. 4.59PCh. 4.7 - Prob. 4.60PCh. 4.7 - Prob. 4.61PCh. 4.7 - Prob. 4.62PCh. 4.7 - Prob. 4.63PCh. 4.7 - Prob. 4.64PCh. 4.7 - Prob. 4.65PCh. 4.7 - Prob. 4.66PCh. 4.7 - Prob. 4.67PCh. 4.7 - Can you explain why the following group is a...Ch. 4.7 - Prob. 4.70PCh. 4.7 - Prob. 4.71PCh. 4.7 - Prob. 4.72PCh. 4.7 - Prob. 4.73PCh. 4.7 - Prob. 4.74PCh. 4.7 - Prob. 4.76PCh. 4.7 - Prob. 4.77PCh. 4.7 - Prob. 4.78PCh. 4.7 - Prob. 4.79PCh. 4.8 - Propose an efficient synthesis for each of the...Ch. 4.8 - Propose an efficient synthesis for each of the...Ch. 4.8 - Propose an efficient synthesis for each of the...Ch. 4.8 - Propose an efficient synthesis for each of the...Ch. 4.8 - Propose an efficient synthesis for each of the...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 4.87PCh. 4.8 - Prob. 4.88PCh. 4.8 - Prob. 4.89PCh. 4.8 - Prob. 4.90PCh. 4.8 - Prob. 4.91PCh. 4.8 - Prob. 4.92PCh. 4.9 - Prob. 4.94PCh. 4.9 - Prob. 4.95PCh. 4.9 - Prob. 4.96PCh. 4.9 - Prob. 4.97PCh. 4.9 - Prob. 4.98PCh. 4.9 - Prob. 4.99PCh. 4.9 - Prob. 4.100PCh. 4.9 - Prob. 4.101PCh. 4.9 - Prob. 4.102P
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