Directing effects of the given compound have to be predicted. The given compound is shown as, Concept Introduction: Deactivators are electron withdrawing groups attached to the benzenes that have either positive charge or an atom with high electronegativity. They are meta directors. Strong deactivators: They are very strong electron withdrawing groups. Moderate deactivators: It contains a pi bond that is attached to a strong electronegative group. Weak deactivators: It consists of halogens. Activators are electron donating groups attached to the benzenes that have either electron density that is able to push into benzene ring or a lone pair of electrons. They are ortho–para directing. Strong activators: It contains a lone pair next to the aromatic ring. Moderate activators: It has a lone pair next to the aromatic ring that can take part in the resonance outside the ring as well. Weak activators: It consists of alkyl groups. Halogens are deactivators that are ortho-para directing. Rules to identify the group that dominates the directing effects: Ortho-para directors will always dominate meta directors. Strong activators will always dominate weak activators.

Question

Want to see the full answer?

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 4.6, Problem 4.50P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Directing effects of the given compound have to be predicted. The given compound is shown as,

Concept Introduction:

Deactivators are electron withdrawing groups attached to the benzenes that have either positive charge or an atom with high electronegativity. They are meta directors.

Strong deactivators: They are very strong electron withdrawing groups.

Moderate deactivators: It contains a pi bond that is attached to a strong electronegative group.

Weak deactivators: It consists of halogens.

Activators are electron donating groups attached to the benzenes that have either electron density that is able to push into benzene ring or a lone pair of electrons. They are ortho–para directing.

Strong activators: It contains a lone pair next to the aromatic ring.

Moderate activators: It has a lone pair next to the aromatic ring that can take part in the resonance outside the ring as well.

Weak activators: It consists of alkyl groups.

Halogens are deactivators that are ortho-para directing.

Rules to identify the group that dominates the directing effects:

Ortho-para directors will always dominate meta directors.

Strong activators will always dominate weak activators.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Students have asked these similar questions

1) Complete the following reaction and provide a detailed, step-by-step mechanism for the process. HBr

help please answer in text form with proper workings and explanation for each and every part and steps with concept and introduction no AI no copy paste remember answer must be in proper format with all working

Topic #2: Arrange the following in order of decreasing reactivity to nucleophilic acyl substitution:ester, amide, acid anhydride.Explain your logic. You should include :1) the order in decreasing reactivity2) Discussion of these factors as they pertain to the above compounds: carbonyl carbon delta +, resonance, steric effects, and leaving group