(a)
Interpretation:
The four major heterocyclic bases in DNA has to be given.
Concept Introduction:
Composition of
Nitrogenous bases: Five types of nitrogenous bases (has unique one-letter code A, G, T, U, and C) are derived from two parent compounds called purine and pyrimidine. The purine derivatives are Adenine and Guanine are two fused nitrogen containing rings. The pyrimidine derivatives are Thymine, Cytosine, and Uracil are nitrogen containing six-membered ring. Adenine, Guanine, Thymine, and Cytosine are the nitrogenous bases present in DNA. Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine and Uracil are the nitrogenous bases present in RNA.
(b)
Interpretation:
The four major heterocyclic bases in RNA has to be given.
Concept Introduction:
Composition of nucleic acid: Nucleic acid is a polymer of nucleotides. Each nucleotide has three parts: a sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate group.
Nitrogenous bases: Five types of nitrogenous bases (has unique one-letter code A, G, T, U, and C) are derived from two parent compounds called purine and pyrimidine. The purine derivatives are Adenine and Guanine are two fused nitrogen containing rings. The pyrimidine derivatives are Thymine, Cytosine, and Uracil are only one nitrogen containing six-membered ring. Adenine, Guanine, Thymine, and Cytosine are the nitrogenous bases present in DNA. Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine and Uracil are the nitrogenous bases present in RNA.
(c)
Interpretation:
In both RNA and DNA, difference in heterocyclic bases has to be given.
Concept Introduction:
Composition of nucleic acid: Nucleic acid is a polymer of nucleotides. Each nucleotide has three parts: a sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate group.
Nitrogenous bases: Five types of nitrogenous bases (has unique one-letter code A, G, T, U, and C) are derived from two parent compounds called purine and pyrimidine. The purine derivatives are Adenine and Guanine are two fused nitrogen containing rings. The pyrimidine derivatives are Thymine, Cytosine, and Uracil are only one nitrogen containing six-membered ring. Adenine, Guanine, Thymine, and Cytosine are the nitrogenous bases present in DNA. Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine and Uracil are the nitrogenous bases present in RNA.
Numbering the atoms in sugar and base rings:
In order to distinguish the atoms in the sugar of a nucleoside and atoms of a base ring, numbers without prime is used for atoms in the base ring and numbers with prime used for the atoms in the sugar ring.
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Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (8th Edition)
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- RNA differs from DNA in that: a) The ribose in RNA nucleotides contains fewer oxygen atoms than does deoxyribose DNA nucleotides. b) It is always single stranded and cannot form base pairs. c) It contains the nucleotide uracil, which pairs with thymine. d) It is single-stranded but can fold into a variety of structures, some of which are double-stranded. e) RNA can only be found in the cytoplasm whereas DNA can only be found in the nucleus.arrow_forwardWhat type of chemical bond forms between the phosphate molecule of one nucleotide and the deoxyribose sugar molecule of another nucleotide as DNA is synthesized?arrow_forwardIt is a pyrimidine derivative that does not form part of nucleic acids.... A) Thymine B) Cytosine C) Adeninearrow_forward
- What is the structural difference between the pentose sugars in DNA and RNA?arrow_forwardwhat are the main components of a nucleotide?arrow_forwardWhat are the tautomeric forms of adenine and cytosine? of guanine, thymine, and uracil? What is the structure of the nucleotide called dCMP?arrow_forward
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- Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305389892Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning