Concept explainers
Interpretation:
Either polynucleotide synthesized from 3’ to 5’end or 5’ to 3’ end has to be interpreted.
Concept Introduction:
Composition of
Sugar: In both DNA and RNA, sugar portion is found. In DNA, the sugar is D-ribose, where at 2’hydroxyl group is absent and in RNA, the hydroxyl group is present at 2’.
Nitrogenous bases: Five types of nitrogenous bases (has unique one-letter code A, G, T, U, and C) are derived from two parent compounds called purine and pyrimidine. The purine derivatives are Adenine and Guanine, which are two fused nitrogen containing rings. The pyrimidine derivatives are Thymine, Cytosine and Uracil, which are nitrogen containing six-membered ring. Adenine, Guanine, Thymine, and Cytosine are the nitrogenous bases present in DNA. Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine and Uracil are the nitrogenous bases present in RNA.
Numbering the atoms in sugar and base rings:
In order to distinguish the atoms in the sugar of a nucleoside and atoms of a base ring, numbers without prime is used for atoms in the base ring and numbers with prime used for the atoms in the sugar ring.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 26 Solutions
Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (8th Edition)
- What sequence of bases on one strand of DNA (reading in the 3′ to 5′ direction) is complementary to the sequence 5′ T-A-T-G-C-A-G 3′ on the other strand?arrow_forwardWhat kind of repeating polynucleotide would yield a single polypeptide with a tetrapeptide repeating unit?arrow_forwardHow are the deoxyribonucleotides formed?arrow_forward
- How is the other major pyrimidine ribonucleotide, cytidine, formed?arrow_forwardWhat tetrapeptide is synthesized from the informational DNA sequence G-T-C-A-G-T-A-C-G-T-T-A?arrow_forwardHow many by-product water molecules are produced during the formation of the trinucleotide from three mononucleotides?arrow_forward
- What is a nucleotide triplet?arrow_forwardDo any strands of nucleic acid exist in nature in which part of the strand is DNA and another part of that same strand is RNA? If so, describe when such strands of nucleic acid are synthesized. Is the RNA component at the 5′ end or at the 3′ end?arrow_forwardWhat are the monomers that makeup a nucleic acid and what are the monomers composed of? What type of bond is found along the backbone of the DNA backbone?arrow_forward
- How many combinations of DNA bases are for a polynucleotide of 7 base pairs in length?arrow_forwardWhat are the three components of a nucleotide? With regard to the 5′ and 3′ positions on a sugar molecule, how are nucleotides linked together to form a strand of DNA?arrow_forwardWhy is the α-helix so prevalent?arrow_forward
- Human Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305112100Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage LearningHuman Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...BiologyISBN:9781305251052Author:Michael CummingsPublisher:Cengage Learning