Chapter 22, Problem 27A

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The alkyl halides should be compared with aryl halides.

Concept introduction:

The aryl halides are named after determining the halide group present in it. Generally in organic compounds, the substitution of different groups on the benzene ring results in the formation of different compounds. The alkyl halides are aliphatic compounds with halide groups as side groups.

Explanation of Solution

The organic compounds generally contain carbon atoms. Both alkyl and aryl halides are organic compounds containing halide groups. In alkyl halides, there is a main carbon chain. A carbon chain without any side group is known as alkane. In alkane, the hydrogen atom of carbon atom in the main chain is replaced by a halide to form alkyl halide.

An aryl halide is formed when a hydrogen atom on the carbon of benzene ring is replaced by a halide group. The naming of both alkyl and aryl halide is done after numbering the carbon atoms such that halide groups (if present more than 1) are numbered in alphabetical order.

The example of an alkyl halide is as follows:

It has a main carbon chain containing 5 carbon atoms and halide groups as side groups. In this case, the halide groups are chlorine and bromine.

The example of an aryl halide is as follows:

It contains a phenyl group with halide groups substituted on it. There are 3 halide groups; 2 bromine and 1 chlorine atom.