Chemical Principles
Chemical Principles
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781337247269
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl; Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher: Cengage Learning US
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Chapter 21, Problem 64E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: An example of a reaction that produces primary alcohol needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction : Primary alcohol is the alcohol which is bonded to a primary carbon, that is, the carbon which is bonded to only one carbon atom. Structure of primary alcohol is,

  Chemical Principles, Chapter 21, Problem 64E , additional homework tip  1

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: An example of a reaction that produces secondary alcohol needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction : Secondary alcohol is the alcohol which is bonded to a secondary carbon, that is, the carbon which is bonded to two other carbon atoms. Structure of secondary alcohol is,

  Chemical Principles, Chapter 21, Problem 64E , additional homework tip  2

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: An example of a reaction that produces tertiary alcohol needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction : Tertiary alcohol is the alcohol which is bonded to a tertiary carbon, that is, a carbon which is bonded to three other carbon atoms. Structure of tertiary alcohol is,

  Chemical Principles, Chapter 21, Problem 64E , additional homework tip  3

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: An example of a reaction that produces aldehyde needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: Aldehyde is a functional group in which carbonyl carbon is attached to one alkyl group and one hydrogen atom. Structure of aldehyde is,

  Chemical Principles, Chapter 21, Problem 64E , additional homework tip  4

Where, R is any alkyl group.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: An example of a reaction that produces ketone needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: Ketone is a functional group in which two alkyl groups are attached to the carbonyl carbon. So, the structure of ketone is,

  Chemical Principles, Chapter 21, Problem 64E , additional homework tip  5

R1 and R2 are two alkyl groups which may be same or not.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: An example of a reaction that produces carboxylic acid needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: Carboxylic acid is a functional group in which one alkyl group and one alchol group is bonded to the carbonyl carbon. The structure of the carboxylic group is,

  Chemical Principles, Chapter 21, Problem 64E , additional homework tip  6

Where, R is alkyl group.

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: An example of a reaction that produces ester needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: Ester is a derivative of carboxylic acid and it’s structure is,

  Chemical Principles, Chapter 21, Problem 64E , additional homework tip  7

Where R is any alkyl group

The reaction of carboxylic acid with an alcohol in presence of acid catalyst produces an ester along with water. This type of reaction is termed as Fischer esterification reaction.

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Chapter 21 Solutions

Chemical Principles

Ch. 21 - Prob. 11ECh. 21 - Name each of the following cyclic alkanes, and...Ch. 21 - Prob. 13ECh. 21 - Prob. 14ECh. 21 - Prob. 15ECh. 21 - Prob. 16ECh. 21 - Prob. 17ECh. 21 - Prob. 18ECh. 21 - Prob. 19ECh. 21 - Prob. 20ECh. 21 - Prob. 21ECh. 21 - Prob. 22ECh. 21 - Prob. 23ECh. 21 - Prob. 24ECh. 21 - Prob. 25ECh. 21 - Prob. 26ECh. 21 - Prob. 27ECh. 21 - Prob. 28ECh. 21 - Prob. 29ECh. 21 - Prob. 30ECh. 21 - Name the following compounds.Ch. 21 - Prob. 32ECh. 21 - Prob. 33ECh. 21 - Prob. 34ECh. 21 - Prob. 35ECh. 21 - Prob. 36ECh. 21 - Prob. 37ECh. 21 - Prob. 38ECh. 21 - Prob. 39ECh. 21 - Prob. 40ECh. 21 - Prob. 41ECh. 21 - Draw structural formulas for each of the following...Ch. 21 - Prob. 43ECh. 21 - Prob. 44ECh. 21 - Prob. 45ECh. 21 - Prob. 46ECh. 21 - Prob. 47ECh. 21 - Prob. 48ECh. 21 - Prob. 49ECh. 21 - Prob. 50ECh. 21 - Prob. 51ECh. 21 - Prob. 52ECh. 21 - Prob. 53ECh. 21 - Prob. 54ECh. 21 - Prob. 55ECh. 21 - Prob. 56ECh. 21 - Prob. 57ECh. 21 - Prob. 58ECh. 21 - Prob. 59ECh. 21 - Give an example reaction that would yield the...Ch. 21 - Prob. 61ECh. 21 - Prob. 62ECh. 21 - Prob. 63ECh. 21 - Prob. 64ECh. 21 - Prob. 65ECh. 21 - Prob. 66ECh. 21 - Prob. 67ECh. 21 - Prob. 68ECh. 21 - Prob. 69ECh. 21 - Prob. 70ECh. 21 - Prob. 71ECh. 21 - Prob. 72ECh. 21 - Prob. 73ECh. 21 - Prob. 74ECh. 21 - Prob. 75ECh. 21 - Prob. 76ECh. 21 - Prob. 77ECh. 21 - Prob. 78ECh. 21 - Prob. 79ECh. 21 - Prob. 80ECh. 21 - Prob. 81ECh. 21 - Prob. 82ECh. 21 - Prob. 83ECh. 21 - Prob. 84ECh. 21 - Prob. 85ECh. 21 - Prob. 86ECh. 21 - Prob. 87ECh. 21 - Prob. 88ECh. 21 - Prob. 89ECh. 21 - Prob. 90ECh. 21 - Prob. 91ECh. 21 - Prob. 92ECh. 21 - Prob. 93ECh. 21 - Prob. 94ECh. 21 - Prob. 95ECh. 21 - Draw the structures of the tripeptides gly-ala-ser...Ch. 21 - Prob. 97ECh. 21 - Prob. 98ECh. 21 - What types of interactions can occur between the...Ch. 21 - Prob. 100ECh. 21 - Prob. 101ECh. 21 - Prob. 102ECh. 21 - Prob. 103ECh. 21 - Prob. 104ECh. 21 - Prob. 105ECh. 21 - Prob. 106ECh. 21 - Prob. 107ECh. 21 - Prob. 108ECh. 21 - Prob. 109ECh. 21 - Prob. 110ECh. 21 - Prob. 111ECh. 21 - Prob. 112ECh. 21 - Prob. 113ECh. 21 - Prob. 114ECh. 21 - Prob. 115ECh. 21 - Prob. 116ECh. 21 - Prob. 117ECh. 21 - Prob. 118ECh. 21 - Prob. 119ECh. 21 - Prob. 120ECh. 21 - Prob. 121ECh. 21 - Prob. 122ECh. 21 - Prob. 123ECh. 21 - Prob. 124ECh. 21 - Prob. 125ECh. 21 - Prob. 126ECh. 21 - Prob. 127AECh. 21 - Prob. 128AECh. 21 - Prob. 129AECh. 21 - Prob. 130AECh. 21 - Prob. 131AECh. 21 - Prob. 132AECh. 21 - Prob. 133AECh. 21 - Prob. 134AECh. 21 - Prob. 135AECh. 21 - Prob. 136AECh. 21 - Prob. 137AECh. 21 - Prob. 138AECh. 21 - Prob. 139AECh. 21 - Prob. 140AECh. 21 - Prob. 141AECh. 21 - Prob. 142AECh. 21 - Prob. 143AECh. 21 - Prob. 144AECh. 21 - Prob. 145AECh. 21 - Prob. 146AECh. 21 - Prob. 147AECh. 21 - Prob. 148AECh. 21 - Prob. 149AECh. 21 - Prob. 150AECh. 21 - Prob. 151AECh. 21 - Prob. 152AECh. 21 - Prob. 153AECh. 21 - Prob. 154AECh. 21 - Prob. 155AECh. 21 - Prob. 156AECh. 21 - Prob. 157AECh. 21 - Prob. 158AECh. 21 - Prob. 159AECh. 21 - Prob. 160AECh. 21 - Prob. 161AECh. 21 - Name each of the following cyclic alkanes.Ch. 21 - Prob. 163AECh. 21 - Prob. 164AECh. 21 - Prob. 165AECh. 21 - Prob. 166AECh. 21 - Prob. 167AECh. 21 - Prob. 168AECh. 21 - Prob. 169CPCh. 21 - Prob. 170CPCh. 21 - Prob. 171CPCh. 21 - Prob. 172CPCh. 21 - Prob. 173CPCh. 21 - Prob. 174CP
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