Chemical Principles
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781337247269
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl; Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher: Cengage Learning US
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Chapter 21, Problem 137AE
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation: The given boiling points and compounds needs to be matched.
Concept Introduction: Boiling point is temperature when the pressure of the liquid is equal to the atmospheric pressure.
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Determine whether the following molecule is a hemiacetal, acetal, or neither and select the appropriate box below.
Also, highlight the hemiacetal or acetal carbon if there is one.
hemiacetal acetal Oneither
OH
What is the missing reactant R in this organic reaction?
་ ་ ་ ་ ་ ་ ་ ་ ་ ་
+R
H3O+
• Draw the structure of R in the drawing area below.
N
• Be sure to use wedge and dash bonds if it's necessary to draw one particular enantiomer.
Click and drag to start drawing a
structure.
Write the systematic name of each organic molecule:
H
structure
H
OH
OH
H
OH
name
☐
OH
Chapter 21 Solutions
Chemical Principles
Ch. 21 - Prob. 1ECh. 21 - Prob. 2ECh. 21 - Why are cyclopropane and cyclobutane so reactive?Ch. 21 - Prob. 4ECh. 21 - Prob. 5ECh. 21 - Prob. 6ECh. 21 - Prob. 7ECh. 21 - Name the five structural isomers of C6H14 .Ch. 21 - Draw the structural formula for each of the...Ch. 21 - Prob. 10E
Ch. 21 - Prob. 11ECh. 21 - Name each of the following cyclic alkanes, and...Ch. 21 - Prob. 13ECh. 21 - Prob. 14ECh. 21 - Prob. 15ECh. 21 - Prob. 16ECh. 21 - Prob. 17ECh. 21 - Prob. 18ECh. 21 - Prob. 19ECh. 21 - Prob. 20ECh. 21 - Prob. 21ECh. 21 - Prob. 22ECh. 21 - Prob. 23ECh. 21 - Prob. 24ECh. 21 - Prob. 25ECh. 21 - Prob. 26ECh. 21 - Prob. 27ECh. 21 - Prob. 28ECh. 21 - Prob. 29ECh. 21 - Prob. 30ECh. 21 - Name the following compounds.Ch. 21 - Prob. 32ECh. 21 - Prob. 33ECh. 21 - Prob. 34ECh. 21 - Prob. 35ECh. 21 - Prob. 36ECh. 21 - Prob. 37ECh. 21 - Prob. 38ECh. 21 - Prob. 39ECh. 21 - Prob. 40ECh. 21 - Prob. 41ECh. 21 - Draw structural formulas for each of the following...Ch. 21 - Prob. 43ECh. 21 - Prob. 44ECh. 21 - Prob. 45ECh. 21 - Prob. 46ECh. 21 - Prob. 47ECh. 21 - Prob. 48ECh. 21 - Prob. 49ECh. 21 - Prob. 50ECh. 21 - Prob. 51ECh. 21 - Prob. 52ECh. 21 - Prob. 53ECh. 21 - Prob. 54ECh. 21 - Prob. 55ECh. 21 - Prob. 56ECh. 21 - Prob. 57ECh. 21 - Prob. 58ECh. 21 - Prob. 59ECh. 21 - Give an example reaction that would yield the...Ch. 21 - Prob. 61ECh. 21 - Prob. 62ECh. 21 - Prob. 63ECh. 21 - Prob. 64ECh. 21 - Prob. 65ECh. 21 - Prob. 66ECh. 21 - Prob. 67ECh. 21 - Prob. 68ECh. 21 - Prob. 69ECh. 21 - Prob. 70ECh. 21 - Prob. 71ECh. 21 - Prob. 72ECh. 21 - Prob. 73ECh. 21 - Prob. 74ECh. 21 - Prob. 75ECh. 21 - Prob. 76ECh. 21 - Prob. 77ECh. 21 - Prob. 78ECh. 21 - Prob. 79ECh. 21 - Prob. 80ECh. 21 - Prob. 81ECh. 21 - Prob. 82ECh. 21 - Prob. 83ECh. 21 - Prob. 84ECh. 21 - Prob. 85ECh. 21 - Prob. 86ECh. 21 - Prob. 87ECh. 21 - Prob. 88ECh. 21 - Prob. 89ECh. 21 - Prob. 90ECh. 21 - Prob. 91ECh. 21 - Prob. 92ECh. 21 - Prob. 93ECh. 21 - Prob. 94ECh. 21 - Prob. 95ECh. 21 - Draw the structures of the tripeptides gly-ala-ser...Ch. 21 - Prob. 97ECh. 21 - Prob. 98ECh. 21 - What types of interactions can occur between the...Ch. 21 - Prob. 100ECh. 21 - Prob. 101ECh. 21 - Prob. 102ECh. 21 - Prob. 103ECh. 21 - Prob. 104ECh. 21 - Prob. 105ECh. 21 - Prob. 106ECh. 21 - Prob. 107ECh. 21 - Prob. 108ECh. 21 - Prob. 109ECh. 21 - Prob. 110ECh. 21 - Prob. 111ECh. 21 - Prob. 112ECh. 21 - Prob. 113ECh. 21 - Prob. 114ECh. 21 - Prob. 115ECh. 21 - Prob. 116ECh. 21 - Prob. 117ECh. 21 - Prob. 118ECh. 21 - Prob. 119ECh. 21 - Prob. 120ECh. 21 - Prob. 121ECh. 21 - Prob. 122ECh. 21 - Prob. 123ECh. 21 - Prob. 124ECh. 21 - Prob. 125ECh. 21 - Prob. 126ECh. 21 - Prob. 127AECh. 21 - Prob. 128AECh. 21 - Prob. 129AECh. 21 - Prob. 130AECh. 21 - Prob. 131AECh. 21 - Prob. 132AECh. 21 - Prob. 133AECh. 21 - Prob. 134AECh. 21 - Prob. 135AECh. 21 - Prob. 136AECh. 21 - Prob. 137AECh. 21 - Prob. 138AECh. 21 - Prob. 139AECh. 21 - Prob. 140AECh. 21 - Prob. 141AECh. 21 - Prob. 142AECh. 21 - Prob. 143AECh. 21 - Prob. 144AECh. 21 - Prob. 145AECh. 21 - Prob. 146AECh. 21 - Prob. 147AECh. 21 - Prob. 148AECh. 21 - Prob. 149AECh. 21 - Prob. 150AECh. 21 - Prob. 151AECh. 21 - Prob. 152AECh. 21 - Prob. 153AECh. 21 - Prob. 154AECh. 21 - Prob. 155AECh. 21 - Prob. 156AECh. 21 - Prob. 157AECh. 21 - Prob. 158AECh. 21 - Prob. 159AECh. 21 - Prob. 160AECh. 21 - Prob. 161AECh. 21 - Name each of the following cyclic alkanes.Ch. 21 - Prob. 163AECh. 21 - Prob. 164AECh. 21 - Prob. 165AECh. 21 - Prob. 166AECh. 21 - Prob. 167AECh. 21 - Prob. 168AECh. 21 - Prob. 169CPCh. 21 - Prob. 170CPCh. 21 - Prob. 171CPCh. 21 - Prob. 172CPCh. 21 - Prob. 173CPCh. 21 - Prob. 174CP
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- Determine whether each of the following molecules is a hemiacetal, acetal, or neither and select the appropriate box in the table. CH3O OH OH OH hemiacetal acetal neither hemiacetal acetal neither Xarrow_forwardWhat is the missing reactant R in this organic reaction? N N དལ་ད་་ + R • Draw the structure of R in the drawing area below. • Be sure to use wedge and dash bonds if it's necessary to draw one particular enantiomer. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. ㄖˋarrow_forwardDraw the condensed structure of 4-hydroxy-3-methylbutanal. Click anywhere to draw the first atom of your structure.arrow_forward
- Using the bond energy values, calculate the energy that must be supplied or is released upon the polymerization of 755 monomers. If energy must be supplied, provide a positive number; if energy is released, provide a negative number. Hint: Avogadro’s number is 6.02 × 1023.arrow_forward-AG|F=2E|V 3. Before proceeding with this problem you may want to glance at p. 466 of your textbook where various oxo-phosphorus derivatives and their oxidation states are summarized. Shown below are Latimer diagrams for phosphorus at pH values at 0 and 14: Acidic solution -0.93 +0.38 -0.51 -0.06 H3PO4 →H4P206 H3PO3 H3PO2 → P→ PH3 -0.28 -0.50 → -0.50 Basic solution 3-1.12 -1.57 -2.05 -0.89 PO HPO →→H2PO2 P PH3 -1.73 a) Under acidic conditions, H3PO4 can be reduced into H3PO3 directly (-0.28V), or via the formation and reduction of H4P2O6 (-0.93/+0.38V). Calculate the values of AG's for both processes; comment. (3 points) 0.5 PH, 0.0 -0.5- 2 3 9 3 -1.5 -2.0 Pa H,PO H,PO H,PO -3 -1 0 2 4 Oxidation state, N 2 b) Frost diagram for phosphorus under acidic conditions is shown. Identify possible disproportionation and comproportionation processes; write out chemical equations describing them. (2 points) c) Elemental phosphorus tends to disproportionate under basic conditions. Use data in…arrow_forwardThese two reactions appear to start with the same starting materials but result in different products. How do the chemicals know which product to form? Are both products formed, or is there some information missing that will direct them a particular way?arrow_forward
- What would be the best choices for the missing reagents 1 and 3 in this synthesis? 1. PPh3 3 1 2 2. n-BuLi • Draw the missing reagents in the drawing area below. You can draw them in any arrangement you like. • Do not draw the missing reagent 2. If you draw 1 correctly, we'll know what it is. • Note: if one of your reagents needs to contain a halogen, use bromine. Explanation Check Click and drag to start drawing a structure. 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Priva ×arrow_forwardPredict the products of this organic reaction: Explanation Check IN NaBH3CN H+ ? Click and drag to start drawing a structure. D 5 C +arrow_forwardPredict the products of this organic reaction: H3O+ + ? • Draw all the reasonable products in the drawing area below. If there are no products, because no reaction will occur, check the box under the drawing area. • Include both major and minor products, if some of the products will be more common than others. • Be sure to use wedge and dash bonds if you need to distinguish between enantiomers. No reaction. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. dmarrow_forward
- Iarrow_forwardDraw the anti-Markovnikov product of the hydration of this alkene. this problem. Note for advanced students: draw only one product, and don't worry about showing any stereochemistry. Drawing dash and wedge bonds has been disabled for esc esc ☐ Explanation Check F1 1 2 F2 # 3 F3 + $ 14 × 1. BH THE BH3 2. H O NaOH '2 2' Click and drag to start drawing a structure. F4 Q W E R A S D % 905 LL F5 F6 F7 © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Center | Accessibility < & 6 7 27 8 T Y U G H I F8 F9 F10 F11 F12 9 0 J K L P + // command option Z X C V B N M H H rol option commandarrow_forwardAG/F-2° V 3. Before proceeding with this problem you may want to glance at p. 466 of your textbook where various oxo-phosphorus derivatives and their oxidation states are summarized. Shown below are Latimer diagrams for phosphorus at pH values at 0 and 14: -0.93 +0.38 -0.50 -0.51 -0.06 H3PO4 →H4P206 →H3PO3 →→H3PO₂ → P → PH3 Acidic solution Basic solution -0.28 -0.50 3--1.12 -1.57 -2.05 -0.89 PO HPO H₂PO₂ →P → PH3 -1.73 a) Under acidic conditions, H3PO4 can be reduced into H3PO3 directly (-0.28V), or via the formation and reduction of H4P206 (-0.93/+0.38V). Calculate the values of AG's for both processes; comment. (3 points) 0.5 PH P 0.0 -0.5 -1.0- -1.5- -2.0 H.PO, -2.3+ -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 2 H,PO, b) Frost diagram for phosphorus under acidic conditions is shown. Identify possible disproportionation and comproportionation processes; write out chemical equations describing them. (2 points) H,PO 4 S Oxidation stale, Narrow_forward
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