Chapter 21, Problem 21.70P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Synthesis of the given compound beginning with melonic ester is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

A melonic ester synthesis results in an $\text{α-}$ substituted carboxylic acid because it has two ester groups. Both ester groups are hydrolyzed to the carboxylic acid, but only one undergoes decarboxylation. Retro synthesis is undergone.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Synthesis of the given compound beginning with melonic ester is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

A melonic ester synthesis results in an $\text{α-}$ substituted carboxylic acid because it has two ester groups. Both ester groups are hydrolyzed to the carboxylic acid, but only one undergoes decarboxylation. Retro synthesis is undergone.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Synthesis of the given compound beginning with melonic ester is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

A melonic ester synthesis results in an $\text{α-}$ substituted carboxylic acid because it has two ester groups. Both ester groups are hydrolyzed to the carboxylic acid, but only one undergoes decarboxylation. Retro synthesis is undergone.