Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The way to distinguish between a competitive inhibitor and an uncompetitive inhibitor experimentally should be given.
Concept Introduction:
Enzyme inhibitors: The substance which slows or stops the action of an enzyme is called enzyme inhibitors.
It can be used as drugs and an example is AZT which is used to treat HIV.
The competition of an enzyme can be reversible or irreversible and in reversible inhibition, the inhibitor can leave and in irreversible inhibition, the inhibitor remains permanently bound.
Reversible Competitive inhibition: It is a type of inhibition occurs when the inhibitor resembles very much to the substrate and thus prevents the substrate binding.
Reversible uncompetitive inhibition: It is a type of enzyme regulation in which an inhibitor binds reversibly to the enzyme-substrate complex and thereby blocking the binding of the second substrate to the binding site.
Irreversible competitive inhibition: It is a type of inhibition in which an inhibitor forms covalent bonds to the active site and thereby permanently blocking it.
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Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 19 Solutions
Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (8th Edition)
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- In a Lineweaver-Burk plot of an enzyme inhibited with a competitive inhibitor, how does the plot change with increasing inhibitor concentration? a) the slope decreases and the y-intercept stays the same b) the slope increases and the y-intercept stays the same c) the slope decreases and the y-intercept increases d) the slope increases and the y-intercept descreases e) none of the abovearrow_forwardPlease name the differences between competitive and noncompetitive inhibition.arrow_forwardWhat is the degree of inhibition produced by a competitive inhibitor when the substrate concentration equals KM and inhibitor concentration equals the Ki?arrow_forward
- Which of the following is NOT true of a competitive inhibitor? A) Its effects can be overcome by increasing the concentration of substrate. B) It competes with substrate for binding to the active site. C) It irreversibly inhibits the enzyme by chemically modifying a group at the active site. D) It often resembles the substrate for the enzyme it inhibits.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is characteristic of competitive inhibitors? the inhibitor could bind to the active site or to an allosteric site on the enzyme. the enzyme will mistake the inhibitor for its substrate, so that the inhibitor will end up covalently bound to the enzyme. the inhibitor can bind only AFTER the substrate has bound (i.e. it binds only to the ES complex). the inhibitor can bind reversibly at the substrate-binding site (the active site). the inhibitor will lower the characteristic Vmax of the enzyme.arrow_forwardin simple words differentiate non competitive and competitive inhibition.arrow_forward
- Briefly discuss how the effects of a competitive inhibitor can be reversed?arrow_forwardIndicate whether each of the following statements describes a reversible competitive inhibitor, a reversible noncompetitive inhibitor, or an irreversible inhibitor. More than one answer may apply.a. Both inhibitor and substrate bind at the active site on a random basis.b. The inhibitor effect cannot be reversed by the addition of more substrate.c. Inhibitor structure does not have to resemble substrate structure.d. The inhibitor and substrate can bind to the enzyme simultaneouslyarrow_forwardHow does competitive inhibition differ from non-competitive inhibition?arrow_forward
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