The class of enzymes to which the enzyme involved in the given reaction belongs should be determined. Concept introduction: Enzyme: It is a protein or a molecule which can act as a catalyst for a biological reaction. Does not affect the equilibrium point of the reaction. Active site of the enzyme is the region where the reaction takes place. Enzyme’s activity can be specific which means the activity is limited to a certain substrate and a certain type of reaction and it is referred to as specificity of the enzyme. Classification of enzymes: Oxidoreductases: Used to catalyse oxidation-reduction reactions . Transferases: Used to catalyse transfer of a functional group from one molecule to another. Hydrolases: Used to break a large molecule into smaller ones using water. Isomerases: Used to catalyse isomerization reactions. Lyases: Used to catalyse addition or removal of a small molecule. Ligases: Used to catalyse the bonding of two substrate molecules.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 19, Problem 19.25UKC

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The class of enzymes to which the enzyme involved in the given reaction belongs should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Enzyme:

It is a protein or a molecule which can act as a catalyst for a biological reaction.

Does not affect the equilibrium point of the reaction.

Active site of the enzyme is the region where the reaction takes place.

Enzyme’s activity can be specific which means the activity is limited to a certain substrate and a certain type of reaction and it is referred to as specificity of the enzyme.

Classification of enzymes:

Oxidoreductases: Used to catalyse oxidation-reduction reactions.

Transferases: Used to catalyse transfer of a functional group from one molecule to another.

Hydrolases: Used to break a large molecule into smaller ones using water.

Isomerases: Used to catalyse isomerization reactions.

Lyases: Used to catalyse addition or removal of a small molecule.

Ligases: Used to catalyse the bonding of two substrate molecules.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The subclass of enzymes which would expect to catalyse the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Enzyme:

It is a protein or a molecule which can act as a catalyst for a biological reaction.

Does not affect the equilibrium point of the reaction.

Active site of the enzyme is the region where the reaction takes place.

Enzyme’s activity can be specific which means the activity is limited to a certain substrate and a certain type of reaction and it is referred to as specificity of the enzyme.

Classification of enzymes:

Oxidoreductases: Used to catalyse oxidation-reduction reactions.

Transferases: Used to catalyse transfer of a functional group from one molecule to another.

Hydrolases: Used to break a large molecule into smaller ones using water.

Isomerases: Used to catalyse isomerization reactions.

Lyases: Used to catalyse addition or removal of a small molecule.

Ligases: Used to catalyse the bonding of two substrate molecules.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The substrate for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Enzyme:

It is a protein or a molecule which can act as a catalyst for a biological reaction.

Does not affect the equilibrium point of the reaction.

Active site of the enzyme is the region where the reaction takes place.

Enzyme’s activity can be specific which means the activity is limited to a certain substrate and a certain type of reaction and it is referred to as specificity of the enzyme.

Substrate: The substrate is a molecule upon which enzyme acts.

Product: The substrate is transformed into one or more products and after its formation they are released from the active site.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Enzyme:

It is a protein or a molecule which can act as a catalyst for a biological reaction.

Does not affect the equilibrium point of the reaction.

Active site of the enzyme is the region where the reaction takes place.

Enzyme’s activity can be specific which means the activity is limited to a certain substrate and a certain type of reaction and it is referred to as specificity of the enzyme.

Substrate: The substrate is a molecule upon which enzyme acts.

Product: The substrate is transformed into one or more products and after its formation they are released from the active site.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The name of the enzyme which is used to catalyse the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Enzyme:

It is a protein or a molecule which can act as a catalyst for a biological reaction.

Does not affect the equilibrium point of the reaction.

Active site of the enzyme is the region where the reaction takes place.

Enzyme’s activity can be specific which means the activity is limited to a certain substrate and a certain type of reaction and it is referred to as specificity of the enzyme.

Classification of enzymes:

Oxidoreductases: Used to catalyse oxidation-reduction reactions.

Transferases: Used to catalyse transfer of a functional group from one molecule to another.

Hydrolases: Used to break a large molecule into smaller ones using water.

Isomerases: Used to catalyse isomerization reactions.

Lyases: Used to catalyse addition or removal of a small molecule.

Ligases: Used to catalyse the bonding of two substrate molecules.

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Suppose the data below are obtained for an enzyme catalyzed reaction with and without the inhibitor I. (s)( mM) 0.2 0.4 0.8 1.0 2.0 4.0 V without i (mM/min) 5.0 7.5 10.0 10.7 12.5 13.6 V with I (mM/min) 3.0 5.0 7.5 8.3 10.7 12.5 Make a Lineweaver Burke plot for this data using graph paper or a spreadsheet Calculate KM and Vmax without inhibitor. What type of inhibition is observed? show graph and work 2. Give the Lineweaver Burk equation and define all the parameters. 3. When substrate concentration is much greater than Km, the rate of catalysis is almost equal to a. kcat b. none of these c. all of these d. Kd e. Vmax

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 19, Problem 19.25UKC

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The class of enzymes to which the enzyme involved in the given reaction belongs should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Enzyme:

It is a protein or a molecule which can act as a catalyst for a biological reaction.

Does not affect the equilibrium point of the reaction.

Active site of the enzyme is the region where the reaction takes place.

Enzyme’s activity can be specific which means the activity is limited to a certain substrate and a certain type of reaction and it is referred to as specificity of the enzyme.

Classification of enzymes:

Oxidoreductases: Used to catalyse oxidation-reduction reactions.

Transferases: Used to catalyse transfer of a functional group from one molecule to another.

Hydrolases: Used to break a large molecule into smaller ones using water.

Isomerases: Used to catalyse isomerization reactions.

Lyases: Used to catalyse addition or removal of a small molecule.

Ligases: Used to catalyse the bonding of two substrate molecules.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The subclass of enzymes which would expect to catalyse the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Enzyme:

It is a protein or a molecule which can act as a catalyst for a biological reaction.

Does not affect the equilibrium point of the reaction.

Active site of the enzyme is the region where the reaction takes place.

Enzyme’s activity can be specific which means the activity is limited to a certain substrate and a certain type of reaction and it is referred to as specificity of the enzyme.

Classification of enzymes:

Oxidoreductases: Used to catalyse oxidation-reduction reactions.

Transferases: Used to catalyse transfer of a functional group from one molecule to another.

Hydrolases: Used to break a large molecule into smaller ones using water.

Isomerases: Used to catalyse isomerization reactions.

Lyases: Used to catalyse addition or removal of a small molecule.

Ligases: Used to catalyse the bonding of two substrate molecules.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The substrate for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Enzyme:

It is a protein or a molecule which can act as a catalyst for a biological reaction.

Does not affect the equilibrium point of the reaction.

Active site of the enzyme is the region where the reaction takes place.

Enzyme’s activity can be specific which means the activity is limited to a certain substrate and a certain type of reaction and it is referred to as specificity of the enzyme.

Substrate: The substrate is a molecule upon which enzyme acts.

Product: The substrate is transformed into one or more products and after its formation they are released from the active site.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Enzyme:

It is a protein or a molecule which can act as a catalyst for a biological reaction.

Does not affect the equilibrium point of the reaction.

Active site of the enzyme is the region where the reaction takes place.

Enzyme’s activity can be specific which means the activity is limited to a certain substrate and a certain type of reaction and it is referred to as specificity of the enzyme.

Substrate: The substrate is a molecule upon which enzyme acts.

Product: The substrate is transformed into one or more products and after its formation they are released from the active site.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The name of the enzyme which is used to catalyse the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Enzyme:

It is a protein or a molecule which can act as a catalyst for a biological reaction.

Does not affect the equilibrium point of the reaction.

Active site of the enzyme is the region where the reaction takes place.

Enzyme’s activity can be specific which means the activity is limited to a certain substrate and a certain type of reaction and it is referred to as specificity of the enzyme.

Classification of enzymes:

Oxidoreductases: Used to catalyse oxidation-reduction reactions.

Transferases: Used to catalyse transfer of a functional group from one molecule to another.

Hydrolases: Used to break a large molecule into smaller ones using water.

Isomerases: Used to catalyse isomerization reactions.

Lyases: Used to catalyse addition or removal of a small molecule.

Ligases: Used to catalyse the bonding of two substrate molecules.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 19, Problem 19.25UKC

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The class of enzymes to which the enzyme involved in the given reaction belongs should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Enzyme:

It is a protein or a molecule which can act as a catalyst for a biological reaction.

Does not affect the equilibrium point of the reaction.

Active site of the enzyme is the region where the reaction takes place.

Enzyme’s activity can be specific which means the activity is limited to a certain substrate and a certain type of reaction and it is referred to as specificity of the enzyme.

Classification of enzymes:

Oxidoreductases: Used to catalyse oxidation-reduction reactions.

Transferases: Used to catalyse transfer of a functional group from one molecule to another.

Hydrolases: Used to break a large molecule into smaller ones using water.

Isomerases: Used to catalyse isomerization reactions.

Lyases: Used to catalyse addition or removal of a small molecule.

Ligases: Used to catalyse the bonding of two substrate molecules.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The subclass of enzymes which would expect to catalyse the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Enzyme:

It is a protein or a molecule which can act as a catalyst for a biological reaction.

Does not affect the equilibrium point of the reaction.

Active site of the enzyme is the region where the reaction takes place.

Enzyme’s activity can be specific which means the activity is limited to a certain substrate and a certain type of reaction and it is referred to as specificity of the enzyme.

Classification of enzymes:

Oxidoreductases: Used to catalyse oxidation-reduction reactions.

Transferases: Used to catalyse transfer of a functional group from one molecule to another.

Hydrolases: Used to break a large molecule into smaller ones using water.

Isomerases: Used to catalyse isomerization reactions.

Lyases: Used to catalyse addition or removal of a small molecule.

Ligases: Used to catalyse the bonding of two substrate molecules.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The substrate for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Enzyme:

It is a protein or a molecule which can act as a catalyst for a biological reaction.

Does not affect the equilibrium point of the reaction.

Active site of the enzyme is the region where the reaction takes place.

Enzyme’s activity can be specific which means the activity is limited to a certain substrate and a certain type of reaction and it is referred to as specificity of the enzyme.

Substrate: The substrate is a molecule upon which enzyme acts.

Product: The substrate is transformed into one or more products and after its formation they are released from the active site.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Enzyme:

It is a protein or a molecule which can act as a catalyst for a biological reaction.

Does not affect the equilibrium point of the reaction.

Active site of the enzyme is the region where the reaction takes place.

Enzyme’s activity can be specific which means the activity is limited to a certain substrate and a certain type of reaction and it is referred to as specificity of the enzyme.

Substrate: The substrate is a molecule upon which enzyme acts.

Product: The substrate is transformed into one or more products and after its formation they are released from the active site.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The name of the enzyme which is used to catalyse the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Enzyme:

It is a protein or a molecule which can act as a catalyst for a biological reaction.

Does not affect the equilibrium point of the reaction.

Active site of the enzyme is the region where the reaction takes place.

Enzyme’s activity can be specific which means the activity is limited to a certain substrate and a certain type of reaction and it is referred to as specificity of the enzyme.

Classification of enzymes:

Oxidoreductases: Used to catalyse oxidation-reduction reactions.

Transferases: Used to catalyse transfer of a functional group from one molecule to another.

Hydrolases: Used to break a large molecule into smaller ones using water.

Isomerases: Used to catalyse isomerization reactions.

Lyases: Used to catalyse addition or removal of a small molecule.

Ligases: Used to catalyse the bonding of two substrate molecules.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 19, Problem 19.25UKC

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The class of enzymes to which the enzyme involved in the given reaction belongs should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Enzyme:

It is a protein or a molecule which can act as a catalyst for a biological reaction.

Does not affect the equilibrium point of the reaction.

Active site of the enzyme is the region where the reaction takes place.

Enzyme’s activity can be specific which means the activity is limited to a certain substrate and a certain type of reaction and it is referred to as specificity of the enzyme.

Classification of enzymes:

Oxidoreductases: Used to catalyse oxidation-reduction reactions.

Transferases: Used to catalyse transfer of a functional group from one molecule to another.

Hydrolases: Used to break a large molecule into smaller ones using water.

Isomerases: Used to catalyse isomerization reactions.

Lyases: Used to catalyse addition or removal of a small molecule.

Ligases: Used to catalyse the bonding of two substrate molecules.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The subclass of enzymes which would expect to catalyse the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Enzyme:

It is a protein or a molecule which can act as a catalyst for a biological reaction.

Does not affect the equilibrium point of the reaction.

Active site of the enzyme is the region where the reaction takes place.

Enzyme’s activity can be specific which means the activity is limited to a certain substrate and a certain type of reaction and it is referred to as specificity of the enzyme.

Classification of enzymes:

Oxidoreductases: Used to catalyse oxidation-reduction reactions.

Transferases: Used to catalyse transfer of a functional group from one molecule to another.

Hydrolases: Used to break a large molecule into smaller ones using water.

Isomerases: Used to catalyse isomerization reactions.

Lyases: Used to catalyse addition or removal of a small molecule.

Ligases: Used to catalyse the bonding of two substrate molecules.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The substrate for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Enzyme:

It is a protein or a molecule which can act as a catalyst for a biological reaction.

Does not affect the equilibrium point of the reaction.

Active site of the enzyme is the region where the reaction takes place.

Enzyme’s activity can be specific which means the activity is limited to a certain substrate and a certain type of reaction and it is referred to as specificity of the enzyme.

Substrate: The substrate is a molecule upon which enzyme acts.

Product: The substrate is transformed into one or more products and after its formation they are released from the active site.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Enzyme:

It is a protein or a molecule which can act as a catalyst for a biological reaction.

Does not affect the equilibrium point of the reaction.

Active site of the enzyme is the region where the reaction takes place.

Enzyme’s activity can be specific which means the activity is limited to a certain substrate and a certain type of reaction and it is referred to as specificity of the enzyme.

Substrate: The substrate is a molecule upon which enzyme acts.

Product: The substrate is transformed into one or more products and after its formation they are released from the active site.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The name of the enzyme which is used to catalyse the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Enzyme:

It is a protein or a molecule which can act as a catalyst for a biological reaction.

Does not affect the equilibrium point of the reaction.

Active site of the enzyme is the region where the reaction takes place.

Enzyme’s activity can be specific which means the activity is limited to a certain substrate and a certain type of reaction and it is referred to as specificity of the enzyme.

Classification of enzymes:

Oxidoreductases: Used to catalyse oxidation-reduction reactions.

Transferases: Used to catalyse transfer of a functional group from one molecule to another.

Hydrolases: Used to break a large molecule into smaller ones using water.

Isomerases: Used to catalyse isomerization reactions.

Lyases: Used to catalyse addition or removal of a small molecule.

Ligases: Used to catalyse the bonding of two substrate molecules.

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Answer 5

Chapter 19, Problem 19.25UKC

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The class of enzymes to which the enzyme involved in the given reaction belongs should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Enzyme:

It is a protein or a molecule which can act as a catalyst for a biological reaction.

Does not affect the equilibrium point of the reaction.

Active site of the enzyme is the region where the reaction takes place.

Enzyme’s activity can be specific which means the activity is limited to a certain substrate and a certain type of reaction and it is referred to as specificity of the enzyme.

Classification of enzymes:

Oxidoreductases: Used to catalyse oxidation-reduction reactions.

Transferases: Used to catalyse transfer of a functional group from one molecule to another.

Hydrolases: Used to break a large molecule into smaller ones using water.

Isomerases: Used to catalyse isomerization reactions.

Lyases: Used to catalyse addition or removal of a small molecule.

Ligases: Used to catalyse the bonding of two substrate molecules.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The subclass of enzymes which would expect to catalyse the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Enzyme:

It is a protein or a molecule which can act as a catalyst for a biological reaction.

Does not affect the equilibrium point of the reaction.

Active site of the enzyme is the region where the reaction takes place.

Enzyme’s activity can be specific which means the activity is limited to a certain substrate and a certain type of reaction and it is referred to as specificity of the enzyme.

Classification of enzymes:

Oxidoreductases: Used to catalyse oxidation-reduction reactions.

Transferases: Used to catalyse transfer of a functional group from one molecule to another.

Hydrolases: Used to break a large molecule into smaller ones using water.

Isomerases: Used to catalyse isomerization reactions.

Lyases: Used to catalyse addition or removal of a small molecule.

Ligases: Used to catalyse the bonding of two substrate molecules.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The substrate for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Enzyme:

It is a protein or a molecule which can act as a catalyst for a biological reaction.

Does not affect the equilibrium point of the reaction.

Active site of the enzyme is the region where the reaction takes place.

Enzyme’s activity can be specific which means the activity is limited to a certain substrate and a certain type of reaction and it is referred to as specificity of the enzyme.

Substrate: The substrate is a molecule upon which enzyme acts.

Product: The substrate is transformed into one or more products and after its formation they are released from the active site.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Enzyme:

It is a protein or a molecule which can act as a catalyst for a biological reaction.

Does not affect the equilibrium point of the reaction.

Active site of the enzyme is the region where the reaction takes place.

Enzyme’s activity can be specific which means the activity is limited to a certain substrate and a certain type of reaction and it is referred to as specificity of the enzyme.

Substrate: The substrate is a molecule upon which enzyme acts.

Product: The substrate is transformed into one or more products and after its formation they are released from the active site.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The name of the enzyme which is used to catalyse the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Enzyme:

It is a protein or a molecule which can act as a catalyst for a biological reaction.

Does not affect the equilibrium point of the reaction.

Active site of the enzyme is the region where the reaction takes place.

Enzyme’s activity can be specific which means the activity is limited to a certain substrate and a certain type of reaction and it is referred to as specificity of the enzyme.

Classification of enzymes:

Oxidoreductases: Used to catalyse oxidation-reduction reactions.

Transferases: Used to catalyse transfer of a functional group from one molecule to another.

Hydrolases: Used to break a large molecule into smaller ones using water.

Isomerases: Used to catalyse isomerization reactions.

Lyases: Used to catalyse addition or removal of a small molecule.

Ligases: Used to catalyse the bonding of two substrate molecules.

Answer 6

Chapter 19, Problem 19.25UKC

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The class of enzymes to which the enzyme involved in the given reaction belongs should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Enzyme:

It is a protein or a molecule which can act as a catalyst for a biological reaction.

Does not affect the equilibrium point of the reaction.

Active site of the enzyme is the region where the reaction takes place.

Enzyme’s activity can be specific which means the activity is limited to a certain substrate and a certain type of reaction and it is referred to as specificity of the enzyme.

Classification of enzymes:

Oxidoreductases: Used to catalyse oxidation-reduction reactions.

Transferases: Used to catalyse transfer of a functional group from one molecule to another.

Hydrolases: Used to break a large molecule into smaller ones using water.

Isomerases: Used to catalyse isomerization reactions.

Lyases: Used to catalyse addition or removal of a small molecule.

Ligases: Used to catalyse the bonding of two substrate molecules.

Answer 7

Chapter 19, Problem 19.25UKC

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The class of enzymes to which the enzyme involved in the given reaction belongs should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Enzyme:

It is a protein or a molecule which can act as a catalyst for a biological reaction.

Does not affect the equilibrium point of the reaction.

Active site of the enzyme is the region where the reaction takes place.

Enzyme’s activity can be specific which means the activity is limited to a certain substrate and a certain type of reaction and it is referred to as specificity of the enzyme.

Classification of enzymes:

Oxidoreductases: Used to catalyse oxidation-reduction reactions.

Transferases: Used to catalyse transfer of a functional group from one molecule to another.

Hydrolases: Used to break a large molecule into smaller ones using water.

Isomerases: Used to catalyse isomerization reactions.

Lyases: Used to catalyse addition or removal of a small molecule.

Ligases: Used to catalyse the bonding of two substrate molecules.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The subclass of enzymes which would expect to catalyse the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Enzyme:

It is a protein or a molecule which can act as a catalyst for a biological reaction.

Does not affect the equilibrium point of the reaction.

Active site of the enzyme is the region where the reaction takes place.

Enzyme’s activity can be specific which means the activity is limited to a certain substrate and a certain type of reaction and it is referred to as specificity of the enzyme.

Classification of enzymes:

Oxidoreductases: Used to catalyse oxidation-reduction reactions.

Transferases: Used to catalyse transfer of a functional group from one molecule to another.

Hydrolases: Used to break a large molecule into smaller ones using water.

Isomerases: Used to catalyse isomerization reactions.

Lyases: Used to catalyse addition or removal of a small molecule.

Ligases: Used to catalyse the bonding of two substrate molecules.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The subclass of enzymes which would expect to catalyse the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Enzyme:

It is a protein or a molecule which can act as a catalyst for a biological reaction.

Does not affect the equilibrium point of the reaction.

Active site of the enzyme is the region where the reaction takes place.

Enzyme’s activity can be specific which means the activity is limited to a certain substrate and a certain type of reaction and it is referred to as specificity of the enzyme.

Classification of enzymes:

Oxidoreductases: Used to catalyse oxidation-reduction reactions.

Transferases: Used to catalyse transfer of a functional group from one molecule to another.

Hydrolases: Used to break a large molecule into smaller ones using water.

Isomerases: Used to catalyse isomerization reactions.

Lyases: Used to catalyse addition or removal of a small molecule.

Ligases: Used to catalyse the bonding of two substrate molecules.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The substrate for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Enzyme:

It is a protein or a molecule which can act as a catalyst for a biological reaction.

Does not affect the equilibrium point of the reaction.

Active site of the enzyme is the region where the reaction takes place.

Enzyme’s activity can be specific which means the activity is limited to a certain substrate and a certain type of reaction and it is referred to as specificity of the enzyme.

Substrate: The substrate is a molecule upon which enzyme acts.

Product: The substrate is transformed into one or more products and after its formation they are released from the active site.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The substrate for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Enzyme:

It is a protein or a molecule which can act as a catalyst for a biological reaction.

Does not affect the equilibrium point of the reaction.

Active site of the enzyme is the region where the reaction takes place.

Enzyme’s activity can be specific which means the activity is limited to a certain substrate and a certain type of reaction and it is referred to as specificity of the enzyme.

Substrate: The substrate is a molecule upon which enzyme acts.

Product: The substrate is transformed into one or more products and after its formation they are released from the active site.

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Enzyme:

It is a protein or a molecule which can act as a catalyst for a biological reaction.

Does not affect the equilibrium point of the reaction.

Active site of the enzyme is the region where the reaction takes place.

Enzyme’s activity can be specific which means the activity is limited to a certain substrate and a certain type of reaction and it is referred to as specificity of the enzyme.

Substrate: The substrate is a molecule upon which enzyme acts.

Product: The substrate is transformed into one or more products and after its formation they are released from the active site.

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Enzyme:

It is a protein or a molecule which can act as a catalyst for a biological reaction.

Does not affect the equilibrium point of the reaction.

Active site of the enzyme is the region where the reaction takes place.

Enzyme’s activity can be specific which means the activity is limited to a certain substrate and a certain type of reaction and it is referred to as specificity of the enzyme.

Substrate: The substrate is a molecule upon which enzyme acts.

Product: The substrate is transformed into one or more products and after its formation they are released from the active site.

Answer 14

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The name of the enzyme which is used to catalyse the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Enzyme:

It is a protein or a molecule which can act as a catalyst for a biological reaction.

Does not affect the equilibrium point of the reaction.

Active site of the enzyme is the region where the reaction takes place.

Enzyme’s activity can be specific which means the activity is limited to a certain substrate and a certain type of reaction and it is referred to as specificity of the enzyme.

Classification of enzymes:

Oxidoreductases: Used to catalyse oxidation-reduction reactions.

Transferases: Used to catalyse transfer of a functional group from one molecule to another.

Hydrolases: Used to break a large molecule into smaller ones using water.

Isomerases: Used to catalyse isomerization reactions.

Lyases: Used to catalyse addition or removal of a small molecule.

Ligases: Used to catalyse the bonding of two substrate molecules.

Answer 15

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The name of the enzyme which is used to catalyse the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Enzyme:

It is a protein or a molecule which can act as a catalyst for a biological reaction.

Does not affect the equilibrium point of the reaction.

Active site of the enzyme is the region where the reaction takes place.

Enzyme’s activity can be specific which means the activity is limited to a certain substrate and a certain type of reaction and it is referred to as specificity of the enzyme.

Classification of enzymes:

Oxidoreductases: Used to catalyse oxidation-reduction reactions.

Transferases: Used to catalyse transfer of a functional group from one molecule to another.

Hydrolases: Used to break a large molecule into smaller ones using water.

Isomerases: Used to catalyse isomerization reactions.

Lyases: Used to catalyse addition or removal of a small molecule.

Ligases: Used to catalyse the bonding of two substrate molecules.

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Answer 19

Ch. 19.1 - Prob. 19.1P Ch. 19.1 - The enzyme LDH converts lactate to pyruvate. In...Ch. 19.2 - The cofactors NAD+, Cu2+, Zn2+, coenzyme A, FAD,...Ch. 19.3 - Describe the reactions that you would expect these...Ch. 19.3 - Prob. 19.5P Ch. 19.3 - Prob. 19.6P Ch. 19.3 - Prob. 19.7P Ch. 19.3 - Prob. 19.8P Ch. 19.4 - Prob. 19.9KCP Ch. 19.5 - Prob. 19.10KCP

Solution Summary: The author explains that the class of enzymes to which the enzyme involved in the given reaction belongs should be determined.

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