The preparation of the given α,β -unsaturated aldehyde by an aldol condensation followed by dehydration of the aldol product has to be shown. Concept introduction: Aldol reaction is an addition reaction of aldehydes and ketones . Aldol reaction is a reversible reaction and occurs in the presence of a strong base like sodium hydroxide. One molecule (aldehyde or ketone) acts a nucleophile and attacks the electrophilic carbon center of the other molecule to give the addition product. The product is named β -hydroxy aldehyde if two aldehydes combine and β -hydroxy ketone if two ketones combine.

Question

Zeroth Order Reaction In a certain experiment the decomposition of hydrogen iodide on finely divided gold is zeroth order with respect to HI. 2HI(g) Au H2(g) + 12(9) Rate = -d[HI]/dt k = 2.00x104 mol L-1 s-1 If the experiment has an initial HI concentration of 0.460 mol/L, what is the concentration of HI after 28.0 minutes? 1 pts Submit Answer Tries 0/5 How long will it take for all of the HI to decompose? 1 pts Submit Answer Tries 0/5 What is the rate of formation of H2 16.0 minutes after the reaction is initiated? 1 pts Submit Answer Tries 0/5

Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 19, Problem 19.22P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The preparation of the given α,β-unsaturated aldehyde by an aldol condensation followed by dehydration of the aldol product has to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Aldol reaction is an addition reaction of aldehydes and ketones. Aldol reaction is a reversible reaction and occurs in the presence of a strong base like sodium hydroxide. One molecule (aldehyde or ketone) acts a nucleophile and attacks the electrophilic carbon center of the other molecule to give the addition product. The product is named β-hydroxy aldehyde if two aldehydes combine and β-hydroxy ketone if two ketones combine.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The preparation of the given α,β-unsaturated aldehyde by an aldol condensation followed by dehydration of the aldol product has to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Aldol reaction is an addition reaction of aldehydes and ketones. Aldol reaction is a reversible reaction and occurs in the presence of a strong base like sodium hydroxide. One molecule (aldehyde or ketone) acts a nucleophile and attacks the electrophilic carbon center of the other molecule to give the addition product. The product is named β-hydroxy aldehyde if two aldehydes combine and β-hydroxy ketone if two ketones combine.

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Zeroth Order Reaction In a certain experiment the decomposition of hydrogen iodide on finely divided gold is zeroth order with respect to HI. 2HI(g) Au H2(g) + 12(9) Rate = -d[HI]/dt k = 2.00x104 mol L-1 s-1 If the experiment has an initial HI concentration of 0.460 mol/L, what is the concentration of HI after 28.0 minutes? 1 pts Submit Answer Tries 0/5 How long will it take for all of the HI to decompose? 1 pts Submit Answer Tries 0/5 What is the rate of formation of H2 16.0 minutes after the reaction is initiated? 1 pts Submit Answer Tries 0/5

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Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 19, Problem 19.22P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The preparation of the given α,β-unsaturated aldehyde by an aldol condensation followed by dehydration of the aldol product has to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Aldol reaction is an addition reaction of aldehydes and ketones. Aldol reaction is a reversible reaction and occurs in the presence of a strong base like sodium hydroxide. One molecule (aldehyde or ketone) acts a nucleophile and attacks the electrophilic carbon center of the other molecule to give the addition product. The product is named β-hydroxy aldehyde if two aldehydes combine and β-hydroxy ketone if two ketones combine.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The preparation of the given α,β-unsaturated aldehyde by an aldol condensation followed by dehydration of the aldol product has to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Aldol reaction is an addition reaction of aldehydes and ketones. Aldol reaction is a reversible reaction and occurs in the presence of a strong base like sodium hydroxide. One molecule (aldehyde or ketone) acts a nucleophile and attacks the electrophilic carbon center of the other molecule to give the addition product. The product is named β-hydroxy aldehyde if two aldehydes combine and β-hydroxy ketone if two ketones combine.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 19, Problem 19.22P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The preparation of the given α,β-unsaturated aldehyde by an aldol condensation followed by dehydration of the aldol product has to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Aldol reaction is an addition reaction of aldehydes and ketones. Aldol reaction is a reversible reaction and occurs in the presence of a strong base like sodium hydroxide. One molecule (aldehyde or ketone) acts a nucleophile and attacks the electrophilic carbon center of the other molecule to give the addition product. The product is named β-hydroxy aldehyde if two aldehydes combine and β-hydroxy ketone if two ketones combine.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The preparation of the given α,β-unsaturated aldehyde by an aldol condensation followed by dehydration of the aldol product has to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Aldol reaction is an addition reaction of aldehydes and ketones. Aldol reaction is a reversible reaction and occurs in the presence of a strong base like sodium hydroxide. One molecule (aldehyde or ketone) acts a nucleophile and attacks the electrophilic carbon center of the other molecule to give the addition product. The product is named β-hydroxy aldehyde if two aldehydes combine and β-hydroxy ketone if two ketones combine.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out sample textbook solution

Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 19, Problem 19.22P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction