a) Interpretation: A mechanism using curved arrows, for the conversion of alcohol given into the corresponding alkene by treating with POCl 3 , is to be proposed. The regiochemistry of the elimination is also to be explained. Concept introduction: The dehydration of alcohols to alkenes in the presence of POCl 3 follows E 2 mechanism. The –OH group is converted into a better leaving group dichlorophosphate, –OPOCl 2 , when treated with POCl 3 . Pyridine used as solvent is also a base and it removes a proton arranged anti to the leaving group from the β carbon (requirement for E 2 mechanism). The removal of the proton and –OPOCl 2 occurs simultaneously in a single step to yield the alkene as the product. To propose: A mechanism using curved arrows, for the conversion of alcohol given into the corresponding alkene by treating with POCl 3 is to be proposed. To explain: The regiochemistry of the elimination reaction.

Question

Using reaction free energy to predict equilibrium composition Consider the following equilibrium: 2NOCI (g) 2NO (g) + Cl2 (g) AGº =41. kJ Now suppose a reaction vessel is filled with 4.50 atm of nitrosyl chloride (NOCI) and 6.38 atm of chlorine (C12) at 212. °C. Answer the following questions about this system: ? rise Under these conditions, will the pressure of NOCI tend to rise or fall? x10 fall Is it possible to reverse this tendency by adding NO? In other words, if you said the pressure of NOCI will tend to rise, can that be changed to a tendency to fall by adding NO? Similarly, if you said the pressure of NOCI will tend to fall, can that be changed to a tendency to rise by adding NO? yes no If you said the tendency can be reversed in the second question, calculate the minimum pressure of NO needed to reverse it. Round your answer to 2 significant digits. 0.035 atm ✓ G 00. 18 Ar

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 17.SE, Problem 33MP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

A mechanism using curved arrows, for the conversion of alcohol given into the corresponding alkene by treating with POCl₃, is to be proposed. The regiochemistry of the elimination is also to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The dehydration of alcohols to alkenes in the presence of POCl₃ follows E² mechanism. The –OH group is converted into a better leaving group dichlorophosphate, –OPOCl₂, when treated with POCl₃. Pyridine used as solvent is also a base and it removes a proton arranged anti to the leaving group from the β carbon (requirement for E² mechanism). The removal of the proton and –OPOCl₂ occurs simultaneously in a single step to yield the alkene as the product.

To propose:

A mechanism using curved arrows, for the conversion of alcohol given into the corresponding alkene by treating with POCl₃ is to be proposed.

To explain:

The regiochemistry of the elimination reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

A mechanism using curved arrows, for the conversion of alcohol given into the corresponding alkene by treating with POCl₃, is to be proposed. The regiochemistry of the elimination is also to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The dehydration of alcohols to alkenes in the presence of POCl₃ follows E² mechanism. The –OH group is converted into a better leaving group dichlorophosphate, –OPOCl₂, when treated with POCl₃. Pyridine used as solvent is also a base and it removes a proton arranged anti to the leaving group from the β carbon (requirement for E² mechanism). The removal of the proton and –OPOCl₂ occurs simultaneously in a single step to yield the alkene as the product.

To propose:

A mechanism using curved arrows, for the conversion of alcohol given into the corresponding alkene by treating with POCl₃, is to be proposed.

To explain:

The regiochemistry of the elimination reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

A mechanism using curved arrows, for the conversion of alcohol given into the corresponding alkene by treating with POCl₃, is to be proposed. The regiochemistry of the elimination is also to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The dehydration of alcohols to alkenes in the presence of POCl₃ follows E² mechanism. The –OH group is converted into a better leaving group dichlorophosphate, –OPOCl₂, when treated with POCl₃. Pyridine used as solvent is also a base and it removes a proton arranged anti to the leaving group from the β carbon (requirement for E² mechanism). The removal of the proton and –OPOCl₂ occurs simultaneously in a single step to yield the alkene as the product.

To propose:

A mechanism using curved arrows, for the conversion of alcohol given into the corresponding alkene by treating with POCl₃, is to be proposed.

To explain:

The regiochemistry of the elimination reaction.

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Using reaction free energy to predict equilibrium composition Consider the following equilibrium: 2NOCI (g) 2NO (g) + Cl2 (g) AGº =41. kJ Now suppose a reaction vessel is filled with 4.50 atm of nitrosyl chloride (NOCI) and 6.38 atm of chlorine (C12) at 212. °C. Answer the following questions about this system: ? rise Under these conditions, will the pressure of NOCI tend to rise or fall? x10 fall Is it possible to reverse this tendency by adding NO? In other words, if you said the pressure of NOCI will tend to rise, can that be changed to a tendency to fall by adding NO? Similarly, if you said the pressure of NOCI will tend to fall, can that be changed to a tendency to rise by adding NO? yes no If you said the tendency can be reversed in the second question, calculate the minimum pressure of NO needed to reverse it. Round your answer to 2 significant digits. 0.035 atm ✓ G 00. 18 Ar

Highlight each glycosidic bond in the molecule below. Then answer the questions in the table under the drawing area. HO- HO- -0 OH OH HO NG HO- HO- OH OH OH OH NG OH

€ + Suppose the molecule in the drawing area below were reacted with H₂ over a platinum catalyst. Edit the molecule to show what would happen to it. That is, turn it into the product of the reaction. Also, write the name of the product molecule under the drawing area. Name: ☐ H C=0 X H- OH HO- H HO- -H CH₂OH ×

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 17.SE, Problem 33MP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

A mechanism using curved arrows, for the conversion of alcohol given into the corresponding alkene by treating with POCl₃, is to be proposed. The regiochemistry of the elimination is also to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The dehydration of alcohols to alkenes in the presence of POCl₃ follows E² mechanism. The –OH group is converted into a better leaving group dichlorophosphate, –OPOCl₂, when treated with POCl₃. Pyridine used as solvent is also a base and it removes a proton arranged anti to the leaving group from the β carbon (requirement for E² mechanism). The removal of the proton and –OPOCl₂ occurs simultaneously in a single step to yield the alkene as the product.

To propose:

A mechanism using curved arrows, for the conversion of alcohol given into the corresponding alkene by treating with POCl₃ is to be proposed.

To explain:

The regiochemistry of the elimination reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

A mechanism using curved arrows, for the conversion of alcohol given into the corresponding alkene by treating with POCl₃, is to be proposed. The regiochemistry of the elimination is also to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The dehydration of alcohols to alkenes in the presence of POCl₃ follows E² mechanism. The –OH group is converted into a better leaving group dichlorophosphate, –OPOCl₂, when treated with POCl₃. Pyridine used as solvent is also a base and it removes a proton arranged anti to the leaving group from the β carbon (requirement for E² mechanism). The removal of the proton and –OPOCl₂ occurs simultaneously in a single step to yield the alkene as the product.

To propose:

A mechanism using curved arrows, for the conversion of alcohol given into the corresponding alkene by treating with POCl₃, is to be proposed.

To explain:

The regiochemistry of the elimination reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

A mechanism using curved arrows, for the conversion of alcohol given into the corresponding alkene by treating with POCl₃, is to be proposed. The regiochemistry of the elimination is also to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The dehydration of alcohols to alkenes in the presence of POCl₃ follows E² mechanism. The –OH group is converted into a better leaving group dichlorophosphate, –OPOCl₂, when treated with POCl₃. Pyridine used as solvent is also a base and it removes a proton arranged anti to the leaving group from the β carbon (requirement for E² mechanism). The removal of the proton and –OPOCl₂ occurs simultaneously in a single step to yield the alkene as the product.

To propose:

A mechanism using curved arrows, for the conversion of alcohol given into the corresponding alkene by treating with POCl₃, is to be proposed.

To explain:

The regiochemistry of the elimination reaction.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 17.SE, Problem 33MP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

A mechanism using curved arrows, for the conversion of alcohol given into the corresponding alkene by treating with POCl₃, is to be proposed. The regiochemistry of the elimination is also to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The dehydration of alcohols to alkenes in the presence of POCl₃ follows E² mechanism. The –OH group is converted into a better leaving group dichlorophosphate, –OPOCl₂, when treated with POCl₃. Pyridine used as solvent is also a base and it removes a proton arranged anti to the leaving group from the β carbon (requirement for E² mechanism). The removal of the proton and –OPOCl₂ occurs simultaneously in a single step to yield the alkene as the product.

To propose:

A mechanism using curved arrows, for the conversion of alcohol given into the corresponding alkene by treating with POCl₃ is to be proposed.

To explain:

The regiochemistry of the elimination reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

A mechanism using curved arrows, for the conversion of alcohol given into the corresponding alkene by treating with POCl₃, is to be proposed. The regiochemistry of the elimination is also to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The dehydration of alcohols to alkenes in the presence of POCl₃ follows E² mechanism. The –OH group is converted into a better leaving group dichlorophosphate, –OPOCl₂, when treated with POCl₃. Pyridine used as solvent is also a base and it removes a proton arranged anti to the leaving group from the β carbon (requirement for E² mechanism). The removal of the proton and –OPOCl₂ occurs simultaneously in a single step to yield the alkene as the product.

To propose:

A mechanism using curved arrows, for the conversion of alcohol given into the corresponding alkene by treating with POCl₃, is to be proposed.

To explain:

The regiochemistry of the elimination reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

A mechanism using curved arrows, for the conversion of alcohol given into the corresponding alkene by treating with POCl₃, is to be proposed. The regiochemistry of the elimination is also to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The dehydration of alcohols to alkenes in the presence of POCl₃ follows E² mechanism. The –OH group is converted into a better leaving group dichlorophosphate, –OPOCl₂, when treated with POCl₃. Pyridine used as solvent is also a base and it removes a proton arranged anti to the leaving group from the β carbon (requirement for E² mechanism). The removal of the proton and –OPOCl₂ occurs simultaneously in a single step to yield the alkene as the product.

To propose:

A mechanism using curved arrows, for the conversion of alcohol given into the corresponding alkene by treating with POCl₃, is to be proposed.

To explain:

The regiochemistry of the elimination reaction.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 17.SE, Problem 33MP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

A mechanism using curved arrows, for the conversion of alcohol given into the corresponding alkene by treating with POCl₃, is to be proposed. The regiochemistry of the elimination is also to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The dehydration of alcohols to alkenes in the presence of POCl₃ follows E² mechanism. The –OH group is converted into a better leaving group dichlorophosphate, –OPOCl₂, when treated with POCl₃. Pyridine used as solvent is also a base and it removes a proton arranged anti to the leaving group from the β carbon (requirement for E² mechanism). The removal of the proton and –OPOCl₂ occurs simultaneously in a single step to yield the alkene as the product.

To propose:

A mechanism using curved arrows, for the conversion of alcohol given into the corresponding alkene by treating with POCl₃ is to be proposed.

To explain:

The regiochemistry of the elimination reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

A mechanism using curved arrows, for the conversion of alcohol given into the corresponding alkene by treating with POCl₃, is to be proposed. The regiochemistry of the elimination is also to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The dehydration of alcohols to alkenes in the presence of POCl₃ follows E² mechanism. The –OH group is converted into a better leaving group dichlorophosphate, –OPOCl₂, when treated with POCl₃. Pyridine used as solvent is also a base and it removes a proton arranged anti to the leaving group from the β carbon (requirement for E² mechanism). The removal of the proton and –OPOCl₂ occurs simultaneously in a single step to yield the alkene as the product.

To propose:

A mechanism using curved arrows, for the conversion of alcohol given into the corresponding alkene by treating with POCl₃, is to be proposed.

To explain:

The regiochemistry of the elimination reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

A mechanism using curved arrows, for the conversion of alcohol given into the corresponding alkene by treating with POCl₃, is to be proposed. The regiochemistry of the elimination is also to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The dehydration of alcohols to alkenes in the presence of POCl₃ follows E² mechanism. The –OH group is converted into a better leaving group dichlorophosphate, –OPOCl₂, when treated with POCl₃. Pyridine used as solvent is also a base and it removes a proton arranged anti to the leaving group from the β carbon (requirement for E² mechanism). The removal of the proton and –OPOCl₂ occurs simultaneously in a single step to yield the alkene as the product.

To propose:

A mechanism using curved arrows, for the conversion of alcohol given into the corresponding alkene by treating with POCl₃, is to be proposed.

To explain:

The regiochemistry of the elimination reaction.

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Answer 5

Chapter 17.SE, Problem 33MP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

A mechanism using curved arrows, for the conversion of alcohol given into the corresponding alkene by treating with POCl₃, is to be proposed. The regiochemistry of the elimination is also to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The dehydration of alcohols to alkenes in the presence of POCl₃ follows E² mechanism. The –OH group is converted into a better leaving group dichlorophosphate, –OPOCl₂, when treated with POCl₃. Pyridine used as solvent is also a base and it removes a proton arranged anti to the leaving group from the β carbon (requirement for E² mechanism). The removal of the proton and –OPOCl₂ occurs simultaneously in a single step to yield the alkene as the product.

To propose:

A mechanism using curved arrows, for the conversion of alcohol given into the corresponding alkene by treating with POCl₃ is to be proposed.

To explain:

The regiochemistry of the elimination reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

A mechanism using curved arrows, for the conversion of alcohol given into the corresponding alkene by treating with POCl₃, is to be proposed. The regiochemistry of the elimination is also to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The dehydration of alcohols to alkenes in the presence of POCl₃ follows E² mechanism. The –OH group is converted into a better leaving group dichlorophosphate, –OPOCl₂, when treated with POCl₃. Pyridine used as solvent is also a base and it removes a proton arranged anti to the leaving group from the β carbon (requirement for E² mechanism). The removal of the proton and –OPOCl₂ occurs simultaneously in a single step to yield the alkene as the product.

To propose:

A mechanism using curved arrows, for the conversion of alcohol given into the corresponding alkene by treating with POCl₃, is to be proposed.

To explain:

The regiochemistry of the elimination reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

A mechanism using curved arrows, for the conversion of alcohol given into the corresponding alkene by treating with POCl₃, is to be proposed. The regiochemistry of the elimination is also to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The dehydration of alcohols to alkenes in the presence of POCl₃ follows E² mechanism. The –OH group is converted into a better leaving group dichlorophosphate, –OPOCl₂, when treated with POCl₃. Pyridine used as solvent is also a base and it removes a proton arranged anti to the leaving group from the β carbon (requirement for E² mechanism). The removal of the proton and –OPOCl₂ occurs simultaneously in a single step to yield the alkene as the product.

To propose:

A mechanism using curved arrows, for the conversion of alcohol given into the corresponding alkene by treating with POCl₃, is to be proposed.

To explain:

The regiochemistry of the elimination reaction.

Answer 6

Chapter 17.SE, Problem 33MP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

A mechanism using curved arrows, for the conversion of alcohol given into the corresponding alkene by treating with POCl₃, is to be proposed. The regiochemistry of the elimination is also to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The dehydration of alcohols to alkenes in the presence of POCl₃ follows E² mechanism. The –OH group is converted into a better leaving group dichlorophosphate, –OPOCl₂, when treated with POCl₃. Pyridine used as solvent is also a base and it removes a proton arranged anti to the leaving group from the β carbon (requirement for E² mechanism). The removal of the proton and –OPOCl₂ occurs simultaneously in a single step to yield the alkene as the product.

To propose:

A mechanism using curved arrows, for the conversion of alcohol given into the corresponding alkene by treating with POCl₃ is to be proposed.

To explain:

The regiochemistry of the elimination reaction.

Answer 7

Chapter 17.SE, Problem 33MP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

A mechanism using curved arrows, for the conversion of alcohol given into the corresponding alkene by treating with POCl₃, is to be proposed. The regiochemistry of the elimination is also to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The dehydration of alcohols to alkenes in the presence of POCl₃ follows E² mechanism. The –OH group is converted into a better leaving group dichlorophosphate, –OPOCl₂, when treated with POCl₃. Pyridine used as solvent is also a base and it removes a proton arranged anti to the leaving group from the β carbon (requirement for E² mechanism). The removal of the proton and –OPOCl₂ occurs simultaneously in a single step to yield the alkene as the product.

To propose:

A mechanism using curved arrows, for the conversion of alcohol given into the corresponding alkene by treating with POCl₃ is to be proposed.

To explain:

The regiochemistry of the elimination reaction.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

A mechanism using curved arrows, for the conversion of alcohol given into the corresponding alkene by treating with POCl₃, is to be proposed. The regiochemistry of the elimination is also to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The dehydration of alcohols to alkenes in the presence of POCl₃ follows E² mechanism. The –OH group is converted into a better leaving group dichlorophosphate, –OPOCl₂, when treated with POCl₃. Pyridine used as solvent is also a base and it removes a proton arranged anti to the leaving group from the β carbon (requirement for E² mechanism). The removal of the proton and –OPOCl₂ occurs simultaneously in a single step to yield the alkene as the product.

To propose:

A mechanism using curved arrows, for the conversion of alcohol given into the corresponding alkene by treating with POCl₃, is to be proposed.

To explain:

The regiochemistry of the elimination reaction.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

A mechanism using curved arrows, for the conversion of alcohol given into the corresponding alkene by treating with POCl₃, is to be proposed. The regiochemistry of the elimination is also to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The dehydration of alcohols to alkenes in the presence of POCl₃ follows E² mechanism. The –OH group is converted into a better leaving group dichlorophosphate, –OPOCl₂, when treated with POCl₃. Pyridine used as solvent is also a base and it removes a proton arranged anti to the leaving group from the β carbon (requirement for E² mechanism). The removal of the proton and –OPOCl₂ occurs simultaneously in a single step to yield the alkene as the product.

To propose:

A mechanism using curved arrows, for the conversion of alcohol given into the corresponding alkene by treating with POCl₃, is to be proposed.

To explain:

The regiochemistry of the elimination reaction.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

A mechanism using curved arrows, for the conversion of alcohol given into the corresponding alkene by treating with POCl₃, is to be proposed. The regiochemistry of the elimination is also to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The dehydration of alcohols to alkenes in the presence of POCl₃ follows E² mechanism. The –OH group is converted into a better leaving group dichlorophosphate, –OPOCl₂, when treated with POCl₃. Pyridine used as solvent is also a base and it removes a proton arranged anti to the leaving group from the β carbon (requirement for E² mechanism). The removal of the proton and –OPOCl₂ occurs simultaneously in a single step to yield the alkene as the product.

To propose:

A mechanism using curved arrows, for the conversion of alcohol given into the corresponding alkene by treating with POCl₃, is to be proposed.

To explain:

The regiochemistry of the elimination reaction.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

A mechanism using curved arrows, for the conversion of alcohol given into the corresponding alkene by treating with POCl₃, is to be proposed. The regiochemistry of the elimination is also to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The dehydration of alcohols to alkenes in the presence of POCl₃ follows E² mechanism. The –OH group is converted into a better leaving group dichlorophosphate, –OPOCl₂, when treated with POCl₃. Pyridine used as solvent is also a base and it removes a proton arranged anti to the leaving group from the β carbon (requirement for E² mechanism). The removal of the proton and –OPOCl₂ occurs simultaneously in a single step to yield the alkene as the product.

To propose:

A mechanism using curved arrows, for the conversion of alcohol given into the corresponding alkene by treating with POCl₃, is to be proposed.

To explain:

The regiochemistry of the elimination reaction.

Answer 12

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Answer 23

Ch. 17.1 - Give IUPAC names for the following compounds:Ch. 17.1 - Prob. 2P Ch. 17.2 - The following data for isomeric four-carbon...Ch. 17.2 - Rank the following substances in order of...Ch. 17.2 - Prob. 5P Ch. 17.3 - Prob. 6P Ch. 17.4 - What reagent would you use to accomplish each of...Ch. 17.4 - Prob. 8P Ch. 17.5 - Prob. 9P Ch. 17.5 - Prob. 10P

Solution Summary: The author proposes a mechanism using curved arrows, for the conversion of alcohol into the corresponding alkene by treating with POCl 3.

Chapter 17 Solutions