Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Dynamics
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780077687342
Author: Ferdinand P. Beer, E. Russell Johnston Jr., Phillip J. Cornwell, Brian Self
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 14.3, Problem 14.76P
A 16-Mg jet airplane maintains a constant speed of 774 km/h while climbing at an angle a = 18°. The airplane scoops in air at a rate of 300 kg/s and discharges it with a velocity of 665 m/s relative to the airplane. If the pilot changes to a horizontal flight while maintaining the same engine setting, determine (a) the initial acceleration of the plane. (b) the maximum horizontal speed that will be attained. Assume that the drag due to air friction is proportional to the square of the speed.
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Problem 2 (55 pts). We now consider the FEM solution of Problem 1.(a) [5pts] Briefly describe the 4 steps necessary to obtain the approximate solution of thatBVP using the Galerkin FEM. Use the minimum amount of math necessary to supportyour explanations.(b) [20pts] Derive the weak form of the BVP.(c) [10pts] Assuming a mesh of two equal elements and linear shape functions, sketch byhand how you expect the FEM solution to look like. Also sketch the analytical solutionfor comparison. In your sketch, identify the nodal degrees of freedom that the FEMsolution seeks to find.(d) [10pts] By analogy with the elastic rod problem and heat conduction problem considered in class, write down the stiffness matrix and force vector for each of the twoelements considered in (c).(e) [10pts] Assemble the global system of equations, and verbally explain how to solve it.
An aluminum rod of length L = 1m has mass density ρ = 2700 kgm3 andYoung’s modulus E = 70GPa. The rod is fixed at both ends. The exactnatural eigenfrequencies of the rod are ωexactn =πnLqEρfor n=1,2,3,. . . .1. What is the minimum number of linear elements necessary todetermine the fundamental frequency ω1 of the system? Discretizethe rod in that many elements of equal length, assemble the globalsystem of equations KU = ω2MU, and find the fundamentalfrequency ω1. Compute the relative error e1 = (ω1 − ωexact1)/ωexact1.Sketch the fundamental mode of vibration.
Chapter 14 Solutions
Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Dynamics
Ch. 14.1 - A 30-g bullet is fired with a horizontal velocity...Ch. 14.1 - Two identical 1350-kg automobiles A and B are at...Ch. 14.1 - An airline employee tosses two suitcases with...Ch. 14.1 - A bullet is fired with a horizontal velocity of...Ch. 14.1 - Two swimmers A and B, of weight 190 lb and 125 lb,...Ch. 14.1 - A 180-lb man and a 120-lb woman stand side by side...Ch. 14.1 - A 40-Mg boxcar A is moving in a railroad...Ch. 14.1 - Two identical cars A and B are at rest on a...Ch. 14.1 - A 20-kg base satellite deploys three...Ch. 14.1 - For the satellite system of Prob. 14.9. assuming...
Ch. 14.1 - A system consists of three identical 19.32-lb...Ch. 14.1 - A system consists of three identical 19.32-lb...Ch. 14.1 - A system consists of three particles A, B, and C....Ch. 14.1 - For the system of particles of Prob. 14.13,...Ch. 14.1 - A 13-kg projectile is passing through the origin O...Ch. 14.1 - A 300-kg space vehicle traveling with a velocity...Ch. 14.1 - A 2-kg model rocket is launched vertically and...Ch. 14.1 - An 18-kg cannonball and a 12-kg cannonball are...Ch. 14.1 - Car A was traveling east at high speed when it...Ch. 14.1 - Knowing that the coordinates of the utility pole...Ch. 14.1 - An expert archer demonstrates his ability by...Ch. 14.1 - Two spheres, each of mass m, can slide freely on a...Ch. 14.1 - In a game of pool, ball A is moving with a...Ch. 14.1 - A 6-kg shell moving with a velocity...Ch. 14.1 - A 6-kg shell moving with a velocity...Ch. 14.1 - In a scattering experiment, an alpha particle A is...Ch. 14.1 - Derive the relation Ho=rmv+HG between the angular...Ch. 14.1 - Show that Eq. (14.23) may be derived directly from...Ch. 14.1 - Consider the frame of reference Ax'y'z' in...Ch. 14.1 - Show that the relation MA=HA where HA is defined...Ch. 14.2 - Determine the energy lost due to friction and the...Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 14.32PCh. 14.2 - In Prob. 14.6. determine the work done by the...Ch. 14.2 - Determine the energy lost as a result of the...Ch. 14.2 - Two automobiles A and B, of mass mA and mB,...Ch. 14.2 - It is assumed that each of the two automobiles...Ch. 14.2 - Solve Sample Prob. 14.5, assuming that cart A is...Ch. 14.2 - Two hemispheres are held together by a cord which...Ch. 14.2 - A 15-lb block B starts from rest and slides on the...Ch. 14.2 - A 40-lb block B is suspended from a 6-ft cord...Ch. 14.2 - In a game of pool, ball A is moving with a...Ch. 14.2 - In a game of pool, ball A is moving with a...Ch. 14.2 - Three spheres, each with a mass of m, can slide...Ch. 14.2 - In a game of pool, ball A is moving with the...Ch. 14.2 - The 2-kg sub-satellite B has an initial velocity...Ch. 14.2 - A 900-lb space vehicle traveling with a velocity...Ch. 14.2 - Four small disks A, B, C, and D can slide freely...Ch. 14.2 - In the scattering experiment of Prob. 14.26, it is...Ch. 14.2 - Three identical small spheres, each of weight 2...Ch. 14.2 - Three small spheres A, B, C, each of mass m, are...Ch. 14.2 - In a game of billiards, ball A is given an initial...Ch. 14.2 - For the game of billiards of Prob. 14.51, it is...Ch. 14.2 - Two small disks A and B of mass 3 kg and 1.5 kg,...Ch. 14.2 - Two small disks A and B of mass 2 kg and 1 kg,...Ch. 14.2 - Three small identical spheres A, B, and C, which...Ch. 14.2 - Three small identical spheres A, B, and C, which...Ch. 14.3 - A stream of water with a density of =1000kg/m3 is...Ch. 14.3 - A jet ski is placed in a channel and is tethered...Ch. 14.3 - The nozzle shown discharges a stream of water at a...Ch. 14.3 - The nozzle shown discharges a stream of water at a...Ch. 14.3 - A rotary power plow is used to remove snow from a...Ch. 14.3 - Tree limbs and branches are being fed at A at the...Ch. 14.3 - Sand falls from three hoppers onto a conveyor belt...Ch. 14.3 - The stream of water shown flows at a rate of 550...Ch. 14.3 - The nozzle shown discharges water at the rate of...Ch. 14.3 - A stream of water flowing at a rate of 1.2 m/min...Ch. 14.3 - A stream of water flowing at a rate of 1.2 m3/min...Ch. 14.3 - Coal is being discharged from a first conveyor...Ch. 14.3 - The total drag due to air friction on a jet...Ch. 14.3 - While cruising in level flight at a speed of 600...Ch. 14.3 - In order to shorten the distance required for...Ch. 14.3 - The helicopter shown can produce a maximum...Ch. 14.3 - Prior to takeoff, the pilot of a 3000-kg...Ch. 14.3 - The jet engine shown scoops in air at A at a rate...Ch. 14.3 - A jet airliner is cruising at a speed of 900 km/h...Ch. 14.3 - A 16-Mg jet airplane maintains a constant speed of...Ch. 14.3 - The propeller of a small airplane has a...Ch. 14.3 - The wind turbine generator shown has an...Ch. 14.3 - A wind turbine generator system having a diameter...Ch. 14.3 - While cruising in level flight at a speed of 570...Ch. 14.3 - In a Pelton-wheel turbine, a stream of water is...Ch. 14.3 - A circular reentrant orifice (also called Borda’s...Ch. 14.3 - A railroad car with length L and mass mg when...Ch. 14.3 - The depth of water flowing in a rectangular...Ch. 14.3 - Determine the rate of flow in the channel of Prob....Ch. 14.3 - A chain of length I and mass m lies in a pile on...Ch. 14.3 - Solve Prob. 14.86, assuming that the chain is...Ch. 14.3 - The ends of a chain lie in piles at A and C. When...Ch. 14.3 - A toy car is propelled by water that squirts from...Ch. 14.3 - A toy car is propelled by water that squirts from...Ch. 14.3 - The main propulsion system of a space shuttle...Ch. 14.3 - The main propulsion system of a space shuttle...Ch. 14.3 - A rocket sled bums fuel at the constant rate of...Ch. 14.3 - A space vehicle describing a circular orbit about...Ch. 14.3 - A 540-kg spacecraft is mounted on top of a rocket...Ch. 14.3 - The rocket used to launch the 540-kg spacecraft of...Ch. 14.3 - The weight of a spacecraft, including fuel, is...Ch. 14.3 - The rocket engines of a spacecraft are fired to...Ch. 14.3 - Determine the distance traveled by the spacecraft...Ch. 14.3 - A rocket weighs 2600 lb. including 2200 lb of...Ch. 14.3 - Determine the altitude reached by the spacecraft...Ch. 14.3 - For the spacecraft and the two-stage launching...Ch. 14.3 - In a jet airplane, the kinetic energy imparted to...Ch. 14.3 - In a rocket, the kinetic energy imparted to the...Ch. 14 - Three identical cars are being unloaded from an...Ch. 14 - A 30-g bullet is fired with a velocity of 480 m/s...Ch. 14 - An 80-Mg railroad engine A coasting at 6.5 km/h...Ch. 14 - In a game of pool, ball A is moving with a...Ch. 14 - Mass C, which has a mass of 4 kg, is suspended...Ch. 14 - A 15-lb block B is at rest and a spring of...Ch. 14 - Car A of mass 1800 kg and car B of mass 1700 kg...Ch. 14 - The nozzle shown discharges a stream of water at...Ch. 14 - An airplane with a weight W and a total wing span...Ch. 14 - The final component of a conveyor system receives...Ch. 14 - A garden sprinkler has four rotating arms, each of...Ch. 14 - A chain of length I and mass m falls through a...
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- Problem 1 (65 pts, suggested time 50 mins). An elastic string of constant line tension1T is pinned at x = 0 and x = L. A constant distributed vertical force per unit length p(with units N/m) is applied to the string. Under this force, the string deflects by an amountv(x) from its undeformed (horizontal) state, as shown in the figure below.The PDE describing mechanical equilibrium for the string isddx Tdvdx− p = 0 . (1)(a) [5pts] Identify the BCs for the string and identify their type (essential/natural). Writedown the strong-form BVP for the string, including PDE and BCs.(b) [10pts] Find the analytical solution of the BVP in (a). Compute the exact deflectionof the midpoint v(L/2).(c) [15pts] Derive the weak-form BVP.(d) [5pts] What is the minimum number of linear elements necessary to compute the deflection of the midpoint?(e) [15pts] Write down the element stiffness matrix and the element force vector for eachelement.arrow_forwardProblem 1 (35 pts). An elastic string of constant line tension1 T is pinned at x = 0 andx = L. A constant distributed vertical force per unit length p (with units N/m) is appliedto the string. Under this force, the string deflects by an amount v(x) from its undeformed(horizontal) state, as shown in the figure below.Force equilibrium in the string requires thatdfdx − p = 0 , (1)where f(x) is the internal vertical force in the string, which is given byf = Tdvdx . (2)(a) [10pts] Write down the BVP (strong form) that the string deflection v(x) must satisfy.(b) [2pts] What order is the governing PDE in the BVP of (a)?(c) [3pts] Identify the type (essential/natural) of each boundary condition in (a).(d) [20pts] Find the analytical solution of the BVP in (a).arrow_forwardProblem 2 (25 pts, (suggested time 15 mins). An elastic string of line tension T andmass per unit length µ is pinned at x = 0 and x = L. The string is free to vibrate, and itsfirst vibration mode is shown below.In order to find the frequency of the first mode (or fundamental frequency), the string isdiscretized into a certain number of linear elements. The stiffness and mass matrices of thei-th element are, respectivelyESMi =TLi1 −1−1 1 EMMi =Liµ62 11 2 . (2)(a) [5pts] What is the minimum number of linear elements necessary to compute the fundamental frequency of the vibrating string?(b) [20pts] Assemble the global eigenvalue problem and find the fundamental frequency ofvibration of the stringarrow_forward
- I need part all parts please in detail (including f)arrow_forwardProblem 3 (10 pts, suggested time 5 mins). In class we considered the mutiphysics problem of thermal stresses in a rod. When using linear shape functions, we found that the stress in the rod is affected by unphysical oscillations like in the following plot E*(ux-a*T) 35000 30000 25000 20000 15000 10000 5000 -5000 -10000 0 Line Graph: E*(ux-a*T) MULT 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 Arc length (a) [10pts] What is the origin of this issue and how can we fix it?arrow_forwardanswer the questions and explain all of it in words. Ignore where it says screencast and in class explanationarrow_forward
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