The oxidation of iodide ion by arsenic acid, H3AsO4, is described by the balanced equation
- (a) If −Δ[I+]/Δt = 4.8 × 10−4 M/s, what is the value of Δ[I3−]/Δt during the same time interval?
- (b) What is the average rate of consumption of H+ during that time interval?
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Chapter 12 Solutions
General Chemistry: Atoms First
- A rebreathing gas mask contains potassium superoxide, KO2, which reacts with moisture in the breath to give oxygen. 4KO2(s)+2H2O(l)4KOH(s)+3O2(g) Estimate the grams of potassium superoxide required to supply a persons oxygen needs for one hour. Assume a person requires 1.00 102 kcal of energy for this time period. Further assume that this energy can be equated to the heat of combustion of a quantity of glucose, C6H12O6, to CO2(g) and H2O(l). From the amount of glucose required to give 1.00 102 kcal of heat, calculate the amount of oxygen consumed and hence the amount of KO2 required. The ff0 for glucose(s) is 1273 kJ/mol.arrow_forwardThe carbon dioxide exhaled in the breath of astronauts is often removed from the spacecraft by reaction with lithium hydroxide 2LiOH(s)+CO2(g)Li2CO3(s)+H2O(l) Estimate the grams of lithium hydroxide required per astronaut per day. Assume that each astronaut requires 2.50 103 kcal of energy per day. Further assume that this energy can be equated to the heat of combustion of a quantity of glucose, C6H12O6, to CO2(g) and H2O(l). From the amount of glucose required to give 2.50 103 kcal of heat, calculate the amount of CO2 produced and hence the amount of LiOH required. The H for glucose(s) is 1273 kJ/mol.arrow_forwardWhen 7.11 g NH4NO3 is added to 100 mL water, the temperature of the calorimeter contents decreases from 22.1 C to 17.1 C. Assuming that the mixture has the same specific heat as water and a mass of 107 g, calculate the heat q. Is the dissolution of ammonium nitrate exothermic or endothermic?arrow_forward
- Should heat be added as a reactant or as a product to each of the following equations for chemical reactions based on the given thermicity for the reaction? a. H2 + Cl2 2HCl (exothermic) b. 4NO + 6H2O 4NH3 + 5O2 (endothermic) c. 2H2O + 2Cl2 4HCl + O2 (endothermic) d. 2H2O 2H2 + O2 (exothermic)arrow_forwardOne of the few industrial-scale processes that produce organic compounds electrochemically is used by the Monsanto Company to produce1,4-dicyanobutane. The reduction reaction is 2CH2CHCH+2H++2eNC(CH2)4CN The NC(CH2)4CN is then chemically reduced using hydrogen gas to H2N(CH2)6NH2, which is used in the production of nylon. What current must be used to produce 150.kg NC(CH2)4CN per hour?arrow_forwardCalcium carbide, CaC2, is manufactured by reducing lime with carbon at high temperature. (The carbide is used in turn to make acetylene, an industrially important organic chemical.) Is the reaction endothermic or exothermic?arrow_forward
- When lightning strikes, the energy can force atmospheric nitrogen and oxygen to react to make NO: N2(g)+O2(g)2NO(g)H=+181.8kJ (a) Is this reaction endothermic or exothermic? (b) What quantities of reactants and products are assumed if H = +181.8 kJ? (c) What is the enthalpy change when 3.50 g nitrogen is reacted with excess O2(g)?arrow_forwardHow much would the temperature of 275 g of water increase if 36.5 U of heat were added?arrow_forwardWrite a chemical equation for each process and classify each as reactant-favored or product-favored. (a) A puddle of water evaporates on a summer day. (b) Silicon dioxide (sand) decomposes to the elements Silicon and oxygen. (c) Paper, which is mainly cellulose (C6H10O5)n, bums at a temperature of 451 F. (d) A pinch of sugar dissolves in water at room temperature.arrow_forward
- Which molecule, F2, Cl2, Br2, or I2, has the weakest chemical bond?arrow_forwardHydrogen chloride gas dissolves in water to form hydrochloric acid (an ionic solution). HCl(g)H2OH+(aq)+Cl(aq) Find H for the above reaction. The data are given in Table 6.2.arrow_forwardWhich reaction would it be possible to calculate (Triangle H)?arrow_forward
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