Chapter 12, Problem 56A

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The relative differences in electro-negativity should be used to show the polarity in the given molecules.

Concept introduction:

Polar molecules are those in which distribution of electrons is not even.

Answer to Problem 56A

$H^{+}-F^{-}$

$H^{+}-B{r}^{-}$

$N^{+}-O^{-}$

$C^{+}-O^{-}$

Explanation of Solution

Polar molecules contain polar bonds because of difference in electro-negativity between bonded atoms.

In H-F bond, F is more electronegative, in H-Br, Br is more electronegative, in N-O, O is more electronegative and in C-O, O is more electronegative.

Thus, the positive and negative charges are represented as follows:

$H^{+}-F^{-}$

$H^{+}-B{r}^{-}$

$N^{+}-O^{-}$

$C^{+}-O^{-}$