Concept explainers
The role of surface tension in bubble formation can be demonstrated by considering a spherical bubble of pure saturated vapor in
(a) Beginning with an appropriate free-body diagram of the bubble, perform a force balance to obtain an expression of the bubble radius.
where
(b) On a
(c) Calculate the bubble size under equilibrium conditions for which the vapor is saturated at 101°C and the liquid pressure corresponds to a saturation temperature of 100°C.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 10 Solutions
Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer
Additional Engineering Textbook Solutions
Degarmo's Materials And Processes In Manufacturing
Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering
Vector Mechanics For Engineers
Mechanics of Materials
Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Dynamics
Shigley's Mechanical Engineering Design (McGraw-Hill Series in Mechanical Engineering)
- A Shell Philippines specializes in the shipment of pressurized gaseous materials. An order is received for 5000 liters of a particular gas at 15oC and 1 atm. What minimum tank volume in liters is necessary to transport the same amount of gas at 35oC and a maximum pressure of 120 psia?arrow_forward(a) A liquid with known properties (i.e. density, viscosity, etc. ) is contained in the space Ra 0 the temperature of the outer cylinder (r = Ro) is T; > Tọ. Provide an estimate for the time required to reach steady state (i.c. the time required for the diffusion penetration to reach the surface of the inner cylinder). (b) Define the thermal diffusivity a and its units. To answer the "units question", use only the fundamental units: length L, mass M, time T and temperature e. For example, the units for the velocity are L/T (and not m/sec or miles/hour). (e) You study a problem which involves momentum and energy transfer. Under which condition(s) the problem velocity and temperature are identical, i.e. are given by the same equation if we scale both the velocity and the temperature with their corresponding scales?arrow_forwardExample 4-1: A perfect gas at pressure of 750 kPa and 600 K is expanded to 2 bar pressure. Determine final temperature of gas if initial and final volume of gas are 0.2 m³ and 0.5 m³ respectively.arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements are TRUE, when the cavitation parameter o = 0? (i) the local pressure is reduced to vapour pressure (ii) cavitation starts (iii) boiling of liquid starts (iv) cavitation stopsarrow_forwardAn perfect gas of a specific composition At 10 g/mol, the molecular weight and specific heat ratio of this substance are equal. It has a pressure of 200kPa and an initial volume of 2m3 at this point. During the process of heat transfer, the pressure was more than doubled. Calculate the heat transfer if the process had 'n = infinity,' 'n = Cp/Cv,' and 'n = 3' parameters.arrow_forwardA container filled with a sample of an ideal gas at the pressure of 1.5 atm. The gas is compressed isothermally to one-sixth of its original volume. ?What is the new pressure of the gas in kPa 9 0 4 0 400arrow_forward
- According to Mayer’s equation the relationship between two specific heat capacities and gas constant can be represented as, I. Cp=Cv+R; II. Cp-Cv=R; III. (γ/γ+1)R =Cv+R; IV. R/(γ+1)=Cp-R I only II only I and II only I, II and III only I, II, III, and IVarrow_forwardA rigid tank with a capacity of 10 ft^3 contains water at 70 Celsius, and 30% of it is vapor. If the tank is cooled to 5 Celsius: (a) What is the rate of heat transfer? (b) What is the total change of enthalpy?arrow_forwardQ1: A vertical plate 350mm high and 240mmwide, at 40°C, is exposed to saturated steam at 1 atm. Calculate the: 1- Film thickness at the bottom of the plate. 2- Maximum velocity at the bottom of the plate. 3- Total heat flux to the plate. 103) The properties of steam and the condensate [hfg = 2257 x , kg µ = 406 x 10-6 kg/m.s,p = 977.8 kg/m³,kf = 0.668 W /m. k]. %3Darrow_forward
- Is it true or false? if false please justify/defend your answer. > Chlorine gas at 45 ̊C is under a pressure of 480 kPa. Assume a gas constant of 117 N-m/kg-K. Its specific volume is 0.87. > A 5-mm diameter tube is inserted in mercury and later in water. Assuming the tube is clean so that its angle of contact with mercury is 140 ̊ and the surface tension is 0.5140 N/m, the amount of depression is -2.36 mm.arrow_forwardThe initial state of 1.00 mol of a dilute gas is P1 = 3.00 atm, V1 = 1.00 L, and Eint1 = 456 J and its final state is ?2 = 2.00 atm, V2 = 3.00 L, and Eint 2 = 912 J. The gas is heated and is allowed to expand such that it follows a single straight-line path on a PV diagram from its initial state to its final state. (a) Illustrate this process on a PV diagram and calculate the work done by the gas. (b) Find the heat absorbed by the gas during this process.arrow_forwardA monatomic ideal gas undergoes an isothermal expansion at 300 K, as the volume increased from 0.02 to [2*v1] m³. The final pressure is 118.36kPa. The ideal gas constant is R = 8.314 J/mol · K. What is the heat transfer Q to the gas in kilojoules? Please enter your numerical answer with two decimal places. (for example for 2090 J, enter 2.09 )arrow_forward
- Principles of Heat Transfer (Activate Learning wi...Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9781305387102Author:Kreith, Frank; Manglik, Raj M.Publisher:Cengage Learning