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Consider a horizontal.
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- The boiling temp of nitrogen at 1 atm is -196°C. The temp of liquid nitrogen in a tank open to the atmosphere at sea level will remain constant until it is depleted. Any heat transfer to the tank will result in the evaporation of some liquid nitrogen, which has a heat of vaporization of 198 kJ/kg and a density of 810 kg/m² at 1 atm. Consider a 3-m-diameter spherical tank that is initially filled with liquid nitrogen at 1 atm and -196°C. The tank is exposed to ambient air at 15°C, with a convection heat transfer coefficient of 35 W/m?-K. The temperature of the thin-shelled spherical tank is observed to be almost the same as the temperature of the nitrogen inside. Determine the rate of evaporation of the liquid nitrogen in the tank as a result of heat transfer N, vapor from the ambient air if the tank is (a) not insulated, (b) insulated with 5- T= 15°C cm thick fiberglass insulation (k=0.035 W/m-K) and (c) insulated with 2- cm thick super-insulation which has an effective thermal…arrow_forwardWater is to be boiled at atmospheric pressure in a polished copper pan by means of an electric heater. The diameter of the pan is 0.51 m and is kept at 111 deg C. What is the power required to boil the water? Tsat = 100°C; Properties of water at 100°C: Density, ρl= 961 kg/m3; Kinematic viscosity, ν = 0.293x10-6 m2/s; Prandtl Number, Pr = 1.740; Specific heat, Cpl = 4216 J/kg.K; Dynamic viscosity, μ = ρ × ν = 961 × 0.293 × 10-6 = 281.57 x10-6 Ns/m2; hfg = 2256.9 kJ/kg; ρv = 0.597 kg/m3; σ = 0.0588 N/m; Csf=0.013; n=1; Select one: a. 25964.0356 b. 52997.1101 c. 49373.4011 d. 38911.7986arrow_forwardWater is boiled at atmospheric pressure by a horizontal polished copper heating element of diameter D = 5 mm and emissivity ε = 0.05 immersed in water. If the surface temperature of the heating wire is 350°C, determine the rate of heat transfer from the wire to the water per unit length of the wire. The properties of water at the saturation temperature of 100°C are ρl= 957.9 kg/m3 , hfg = 2257.0×10^3J/kg, The properties of vapor at the film temperature ρv = 0.441 kg/m3 , µv = 1.73 × 10^-5 kg m/s , Cpv= 1977 J/kg °C, kv = = 0.0357 W/m °C Select one: a. 853 W b. 933 W c. 707 W d. 1953 Warrow_forward
- Water in a tank is to be boiled at 143.27 Pa absolute pressure by a 1.5-cm-diameter brass heating element equipped with electrical resistance wires inside, as shown in the figure. Determine the maximum heat flux that can be attained in the nucleate boiling regime and the surface temperature of the heater in that case. (3.23x105 W/m2, 118.6°C)arrow_forwardWhat is boiling and when does occurs? Explain pool boiling. How does it differ from forced convection boiling?arrow_forwardA long 2-in-diameter rod with surface temperature of 200°F is submerged in a bath of fluid. Determine the Grashof and Rayleigh numbers if the fluid is (a) liquid water at 40°F, (b) liquid ammonia at 40°F, (c) engine oil at 50°F, and (d) air at 40°F (1 atm).arrow_forward
- Water is boiled at atmospheric pressure by a horizontal polished copper heating element of diameter D = 5 mm and emissivity ε = 0.05 immersed in water. If the surface temperature of the heating wire is 350°C, determine the heat flux from the wire to the water. The properties of water at the saturation temperature of 100°C are ρl= 957.9 kg/m3 , hfg = 2257.0×10^3J/kg, The properties of vapor at the film temperature ρv = 0.441 kg/m3 , µv = 1.73 × 10^-5 kg m/s , Cpv= 1977 J/kg °C, kv = = 0.0357 W/m °C Select one: a. 5.94 × 104 W/m2 b. 7.94 × 104 W/m2 c. 3.94 × 104 W/m2 d. 1.94 × 104 W/m2arrow_forwardThe boiling temp of nitrogen at 1 atm is -196°C. If the temperature of liquid nitrogen in a tank open to the atmosphere at sea level will remain constant until it is depleted, then any heat transfer to the tank will result in the evaporation of some liquid nitrogen, which has a heat of vaporization of 198 kJ/kg and a density of 810 kg/m³ at 1 atm. Consider a 3.5-m-diameter spherical tank that is initially filled with liquid nitrogen at 1 atm and -196°C. The tank is exposed to ambient air at 16°C, with a convection heat transfer coefficient of 32 W/m2- °C. The temperature of the thin-shelled spherical tank is observed to be N2 vapor almost the same as the temperature of the nitrogen inside. Determine the rate of evaporation of the liquid nitrogen in the tank (in kg/s) as a result of I atm Liquid N3 -196°C heat transfer from the ambient air if the tank is (a) not insulated, (b) insulated with 6-cm thick fiberglass insulation (k=0.035 W/m-°C) and (c) insulated with 2-cm thick…arrow_forwardA particular automobile engine coolant has antifreeze protection to a temperature of-22 °C. Will this coolant offer protection at temperatures as low as -15 °F?arrow_forward
- Show that the condensation Reynolds number for laminar condensation on a vertical plate may be expressed as Ref =3.77arrow_forwardA ceramic heating element is immersed in an insulated container of liquid argon at its boiling point. If the heating element generates 40.0 J of heat energy per second, how many kilograms of argon are boiled away in a period of 5.00 h? The heat of vaporization and boiling point respectively for argon are 162 kJ/kg and −186 °Carrow_forwardShow that the volume expansion coefficient of an ideal gas is B=1/T, where T is the absolute temperature.arrow_forward
- Principles of Heat Transfer (Activate Learning wi...Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9781305387102Author:Kreith, Frank; Manglik, Raj M.Publisher:Cengage Learning