Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780073380643
Author: Donald A. Neamen
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Companies, The
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Textbook Question
Chapter 1, Problem 5RQ
How is a pn junction formed? What is meant by a built−in potential barrier, and how is it formed?
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Where is the pn junction? What is n+ region and the p-type substrate?
4 - The figure below shows a part of the energy band diagram of a p-n semiconductor junction. According to the situation shown in the figure, in the equilibrium condition, we can identify the currents as follows:
*image attached*
( ) i1:hole diffusion current, i2:electron drift current, i3:hole drift current and i4:electron diffusion current.
( ) i1:hole drift current, i2:electron diffusion current, i3:hole diffusion current and i4:electron drift current.
( ) i1:electron diffusion current, i2:electron diffusion current, i3:hole drift current and i4:hole drift current.
( ) i1:electron drift current, i2:electron diffusion current, i3:hole diffusion current and i4:hole drift current.
( ) i1:hole drift current, i2:electron drift current, i3:hole diffusion current and i4:electron diffusion current.
Which statement(s) is (are) true about a P-N junction:
A. P-N junction consists of n-type and p-type semiconductor materials.B. Free electrons in n-type diffuse across junction to p-type.C. A depletion region formation happens due to electrons and holes moving away from each other due to the electric field.
Chapter 1 Solutions
Microelectronics: Circuit Analysis and Design
Ch. 1 - Calculate the intrinsic carrier concentration in...Ch. 1 - (a) Calculate the majority and minority carrier...Ch. 1 - Consider ntype GaAs at T=300K doped to a...Ch. 1 - Consider silicon at T=300K . Assume the hole...Ch. 1 - Determine the intrinsic carrier concentration in...Ch. 1 - (a) Consider silicon at T=300K . Assume that...Ch. 1 - Using the results of TYU1.2, determine the drift...Ch. 1 - The electron and hole diffusion coefficients in...Ch. 1 - A sample of silicon at T=300K is doped to...Ch. 1 - (a) Calculate Vbi for a GaAs pn junction at T=300K...
Ch. 1 - A silicon pn junction at T=300K is doped at...Ch. 1 - (a) A silicon pn junction at T=300K has a...Ch. 1 - (a) Determine Vbi for a silicon pn junction at...Ch. 1 - A silicon pn junction diode at T=300K has a...Ch. 1 - Recall that the forwardbias diode voltage...Ch. 1 - Consider the circuit in Figure 1.28. Let VPS=4V ,...Ch. 1 - (a) Consider the circuit shown in Figure 1.28. Let...Ch. 1 - The resistor parameter in the circuit shown in...Ch. 1 - Consider the diode and circuit in Exercise EX 1.8....Ch. 1 - Consider the circuit in Figure 1.28. Let R=4k and...Ch. 1 - The power supply (input) voltage in the circuit of...Ch. 1 - (a) The circuit and diode parameters for the...Ch. 1 - Determine the diffusion conductance of a pn...Ch. 1 - Determine the smallsignal diffusion resistance of...Ch. 1 - The diffusion resistance of a pn junction diode at...Ch. 1 - A pn junction diode and a Schottky diode both have...Ch. 1 - Consider the circuit shown in Figure 1.45....Ch. 1 - Consider the circuit shown in Figure 1.46. The...Ch. 1 - A Zener diode has an equivalent series resistance...Ch. 1 - The resistor in the circuit shown in Figure 1.45...Ch. 1 - Describe an intrinsic semiconductor material. What...Ch. 1 - Describe the concept of an electron and a hole as...Ch. 1 - Describe an extrinsic semiconductor material. What...Ch. 1 - Describe the concepts of drift current and...Ch. 1 - How is a pn junction formed? What is meant by a...Ch. 1 - How is a junction capacitance created in a...Ch. 1 - Write the ideal diode currentvoltage relationship....Ch. 1 - Describe the iteration method of analysis and when...Ch. 1 - Describe the piecewise linear model of a diode and...Ch. 1 - Define a load line in a simple diode circuit.Ch. 1 - Under what conditions is the smallsignal model of...Ch. 1 - Describe the operation of a simple solar cell...Ch. 1 - How do the i characteristics of a Schottky barrier...Ch. 1 - What characteristic of a Zener diode is used in...Ch. 1 - Describe the characteristics of a photodiode and a...Ch. 1 - (a) Calculate the intrinsic carrier concentration...Ch. 1 - (a) The intrinsic carrier concentration in silicon...Ch. 1 - Calculate the intrinsic carrier concentration in...Ch. 1 - (a) Find the concentration of electrons and holes...Ch. 1 - Gallium arsenide is doped with acceptor impurity...Ch. 1 - Silicon is doped with 51016 arsenic atoms/cm3 ....Ch. 1 - (a) Calculate the concentration of electrons and...Ch. 1 - A silicon sample is fabricated such that the hole...Ch. 1 - The electron concentration in silicon at T=300K is...Ch. 1 - (a) A silicon semiconductor material is to be...Ch. 1 - (a) The applied electric field in ptype silicon is...Ch. 1 - A drift current density of 120A/cm2 is established...Ch. 1 - An ntype silicon material has a resistivity of...Ch. 1 - (a) The applied conductivity of a silicon material...Ch. 1 - In GaAs, the mobilities are n=8500cm2/Vs and...Ch. 1 - The electron and hole concentrations in a sample...Ch. 1 - The hole concentration in silicon is given by...Ch. 1 - GaAs is doped to Na=1017cm3 . (a) Calculate no and...Ch. 1 - (a) Determine the builtin potential barrier Vbi in...Ch. 1 - Consider a silicon pn junction. The nregion is...Ch. 1 - The donor concentration in the nregion of a...Ch. 1 - Consider a uniformly doped GaAs pn junction with...Ch. 1 - The zerobiased junction capacitance of a silicon...Ch. 1 - The zerobias capacitance of a silicon pn junction...Ch. 1 - The doping concentrations in a silicon pn junction...Ch. 1 - (a) At what reversebias voltage does the...Ch. 1 - (a) The reversesaturation current of a pn junction...Ch. 1 - (a) The reversesaturation current of a pn junction...Ch. 1 - A silicon pn junction diode has an emission...Ch. 1 - Plot log10ID versus VD over the range 0.1VD0.7V...Ch. 1 - (a) Consider a silicon pn junction diode operating...Ch. 1 - A pn junction diode has IS=2nA . (a) Determine the...Ch. 1 - The reversebias saturation current for a set of...Ch. 1 - A germanium pn junction has a diode current of...Ch. 1 - (a)The reversesaturation current of a gallium...Ch. 1 - The reversesaturation current of a silicon pn...Ch. 1 - A silicon pn junction diode has an applied...Ch. 1 - A pn junction diode is in series with a 1M...Ch. 1 - Consider the diode circuit shown in Figure P1.39....Ch. 1 - The diode in the circuit shown in Figure P1.40 has...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.41PCh. 1 - (a) The reversesaturation current of each diode in...Ch. 1 - (a) Consider the circuit shown in Figure P1.40....Ch. 1 - Consider the circuit shown in Figure P1.44....Ch. 1 - The cutin voltage of the diode shown in the...Ch. 1 - Find I and VO in each circuit shown in Figure...Ch. 1 - Repeat Problem 1.47 if the reversesaturation...Ch. 1 - (a) In the circuit Shown in Figure P1.49, find the...Ch. 1 - Assume each diode in the circuit shown in Figure...Ch. 1 - (a) Consider a pn junction diode biased at IDQ=1mA...Ch. 1 - Determine the smallsignal diffusion resistancefor...Ch. 1 - The diode in the circuit shown in Figure P1.53 is...Ch. 1 - The forwardbias currents in a pn junction diode...Ch. 1 - A pn junction diode and a Schottky diode have...Ch. 1 - The reversesaturation currents of a Schottky diode...Ch. 1 - Consider the Zener diode circuit shown in Figure...Ch. 1 - (a) The Zener diode in Figure P1.57 is ideal with...Ch. 1 - Consider the Zener diode circuit shown in Figure...Ch. 1 - The Output current of a pn junction diode used as...Ch. 1 - Using the currentvoltage characteristics of the...Ch. 1 - (a) Using the currentvoltage characteristics of...Ch. 1 - Use a computer simulation to generate the ideal...Ch. 1 - Use a computer simulation to find the diode...Ch. 1 - Design a diode circuit to produce the load line...Ch. 1 - Design a circuit to produce the characteristics...Ch. 1 - Design a circuit to produce the characteristics...Ch. 1 - Design a circuit to produce the characteristics...
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- This about PN Junctions of semiconductors.arrow_forwardIn the figure given we have u(t)=10. cosot [V]. We assume the diodes and the A-meter (A) to be ideal. A u(t) a) Plot the waveform of the current flowing through the A-m in scale. b) What is the reading of the A-m, if it is moving-coil type? c) What is the reading of the A-m, if it is moving-iron type? d) Calculate the power factor of the WHOLE structure. R1 1 R2 102arrow_forwardHere are some statements about a p-n junction diode. Some are TRUE and some are FALSE. i. Applying a negative bias to the p-side and a positive bias to the n-side allows a forward current flow. ii. When the p-n junction is under reverse bias, the Fermi level is continuous across the junction. iii. The forward bias current is made up of holes from the p-side and electrons from the n-side flowing across the junction. iv. Under reverse bias, you can get minority electrons flowing from the p-side to the n-side of the junction. v. To get a large built-in voltage, you need to heavily dope the p-side and n-side of the junction. vi. The built-in voltage (or contact potential) of a p-n junction is typically twice the value of the band-gap of the semiconductor. Which of the following statements is correct: (i) and (ii) are both FALSE (ii) and (v) are both FALSE (iii) and (vi) are both FALSEarrow_forward
- Take a diode formed by the junction of two type n and p semiconductors. In the figure below is the diagram of the energy bands of these semiconductors, (remember the concept of fermi energy, and knowing that for a pure semiconductor it is in the middle). Based on the figures below, answer a) What is the possible current direction in the direction from p to n or from n to p? b) Explain why the current flow occurs only in one direction.arrow_forwardAnswer all the items. Thanks!arrow_forwardPlease answer with explanation and type format please..arrow_forward
- The work function for the anode is bigger than that of the cathode, resulting in a so-called "contact-potential difference" between the anode and cathode. Its effect is to shift the entire Current vs. Voltage curve (why?). Estimate the contact potential difference. 7arrow_forwardPlease show full work thankarrow_forwardConsider the circuit with three diodes and a AC input, as shown below: D2 R1 D1 D3 R2 Assume that the input AC voltage is Ttsin(100TTT). You may consider the diodes to be ideal. mean voltage generated across resistor R2 is (assuming current direction to be from AC so into R1, through diode network, and through R2 from top to bottom): O a. 0.5V Ob. -0.5V O c. 1V O d. OVarrow_forward
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