One striking feature of TCR interactions with peptide:MHC complexes is that amino acid residues in the MHC protein are as important to the TCR binding strength as are amino acid residues in the pathogen-derived peptide. This feature is in contrast to antigen recognition by antibodies, which is a direct interaction that is independent of other host proteins. Based on the different functions of T cells versus antibodies in the adaptive immune response, the fact that TCRs recognize components of both the MHC and the bound peptide exists to:Prevent TCRs from binding only to surface exposed epitopes of native pathogensPrevent immune evasion by a pathogen that has mutated the sequences required for antibody recognitionPut constraints on T cell recognition, due to the potentially damaging effector molecules made by activated T cellsEnsure that TCRs are focused on recognizing antigens associated with host cells, and not those that are free in solutionEnsure that the pathogen has already been destroyed by the host cell before the T cell will recognize it

A critical stage in T cell activation is the association of the TCR and antigenic peptide in complex…

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Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)

11th Edition

ISBN:9780134580999

Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...

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One striking feature of TCR interactions with peptide:MHC complexes is that amino acid residues in the MHC protein are as important to the TCR binding strength as are amino acid residues in the pathogen-derived peptide. This feature is in contrast to antigen recognition by antibodies, which is a direct interaction that is independent of other host proteins. Based on the different functions of T cells versus antibodies in the adaptive immune response, the fact that TCRs recognize components of both the MHC and the bound peptide exists to:

Prevent TCRs from binding only to surface exposed epitopes of native pathogens
Prevent immune evasion by a pathogen that has mutated the sequences required for antibody recognition
Put constraints on T cell recognition, due to the potentially damaging effector molecules made by activated T cells
Ensure that TCRs are focused on recognizing antigens associated with host cells, and not those that are free in solution
Ensure that the pathogen has already been destroyed by the host cell before the T cell will recognize it

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