Chapter 8, Problem 80A

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The bonding in molecules is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The distance between the two atoms’ nuclei is termed as a chemical bond. Bonds are classified on the basis of the nature of the atoms attached to it. There are mainly three types of chemical bonds.

• Ionic bond
• Covalent bond
• Metallic bond

Answer to Problem 80A

Molecules are form by bonding covalently.

Explanation of Solution

The chemical bond is the result of the sharing of valence electron by the atoms. The valence electrons are the electrons present in the outer energy level. A molecule is formed by the combination of two or more atoms covalently. The elements that are close to each other in the periodic table form a covalent bond. The example of some diatomic molecules are ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}$, ${\text{F}}_{\text{2}}$, ${\text{N}}_{\text{2}}$, ${\text{O}}_{\text{2}}$, etc.

The atomic number of fluorine is 9 and the electronic configuration of fluorine is $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^5$. There are seven valence electrons present in the fluorine atom. Therefore, it required only one electron to complete octet. Therefore, two fluorine atoms combine and share one electron to each other to complete octet and form a covalent bond. The bonding in ${\text{F}}_{\text{2}}$ molecule is shown below.

Conclusion

Thus, molecules are formed by bonding covalently.