Chapter 8.3, Problem 47PP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The Lewis resonance structure for ${\text{ClF}}_{\text{3}}$ needs to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Lewis structure is also known as electron − dot structure which is showing the bonding between atoms of a molecule and used for atoms to show their valence electron.

Answer to Problem 47PP

For ${\text{ClF}}_3$, chlorine (Cl) comes in the ceneter because chlorine (Cl) is the less electronegative than F. Then place the remaining two pairs of valence electrons (four total non − bonding valence electrons) filling the octetes with the fluroine atoms.

Explanation of Solution

Lewis structure is a representation of the valence electrons of an atom that uses dot around the symbol of the element, where number of dots around of the element and number of dots equal to the number of valence electrons in the atom.

Atomic number of chlorine ${\left(\text{Cl}\right)}^{17}=2,8,7$

Valence electrons $=7$

Atomic number of flourine ${\left(\text{F}\right)}^9=2,7$

Valence electrons $=7$

Total valence $e^{-1}s=7+7\times 3=28$

$\begin{array}{l}\text{charge = Valence }-\text{ Non bonding }-\frac{\text{Bonding electrons}}{2}\\ {\text{format electrons valence e}}^{-1}\text{s }\\ \text{Cl 7 }-\text{ 4 }-\frac{6}{2}\text{ = 0}\\ \text{F 7 }-\text{ 6 }-\frac{4}{2}\text{ = 0}\end{array}$

Conclusion

${\text{ClF}}_3$ is having Trigonal bipyramidal geometry because of the lone pair of electron on chlorine atom, $2\text{ lone pair + 3 bond}$ repulsion decreases the angle and making bond angle $-90°$.