Fluid Mechanics Fundamentals And Applications
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780073380322
Author: Yunus Cengel, John Cimbala
Publisher: MCGRAW-HILL HIGHER EDUCATION
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Textbook Question
Chapter 7, Problem 81CP
Define wind tunnel blockage. What is the rule of thumb about the maximum acceptable blockage for a wind tunnel test? Explain why there would be measurement errors if the blockage were significantly higher than this value.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
QUESTION 1
You find that statistical uncertainty is your largest measurement uncertainty and that the V value is your largest propagated uncertainty. How can you try to improve both uncertainties in the simplest. but most effective way?
O use a new V instrument and a new DV instrument to collect more measurements at a wicer variety of V data points
O collect DV data for new IV data points
O use a new V instrument but the same DV instrument to collect the same numtber of measurements at a wicer variety of IV data points
o take more measurements for the DV value at the IV data points aiready collected and add more IV data points
O use a new DV instrument to take more DV measurements for the Ivdata points already collected and collect additional DV data for more IV data points not previcusly measured
o start over to collect the same number of DV measurements as before. but al a greater variety of IV data points than before
o take more measurements for the DV values at the IV data points…
A temperature measurement system has the following specifications:
-128 to 781°C
Range
Linearity error
0.29% FSO
Hysteresis error
0.12% FSO
Sensitivity error
0.04% FSO
Zero drift
0.32% FSO
FSO stands for "Full Scale Output". Estimate the overall instrument
uncertainty for this system based on the available information. Use the
maximum possible output range over the FSO in your computations.
pls ans soon
Chapter 7 Solutions
Fluid Mechanics Fundamentals And Applications
Ch. 7 - List the seven primary dimensions. What is...Ch. 7 - What is the difference between a dimension and a...Ch. 7 - Write the primary dimensions of the universal...Ch. 7 - Write the primary dimensions of each of the...Ch. 7 - Prob. 5PCh. 7 - Prob. 6PCh. 7 - On a periodic chart of the elements, molar mass...Ch. 7 - Prob. 8PCh. 7 - Prob. 9PCh. 7 - The moment of force(M)is formed by the cross...
Ch. 7 - Prob. 11PCh. 7 - You are probably familiar with Ohm law for...Ch. 7 - Write the primary dimensions of each of the...Ch. 7 - Prob. 14PCh. 7 - Prob. 15PCh. 7 - Thermal conductivity k is a measure of the ability...Ch. 7 - Write the primary dimensions of each of the...Ch. 7 - Prob. 18PCh. 7 - Prob. 19EPCh. 7 - Explain the law of dimensional homogeneity in...Ch. 7 - In Chap. 4, we defined the material acceleration,...Ch. 7 - Newton's second law is the foundation for the...Ch. 7 - Prob. 23PCh. 7 - Prob. 24PCh. 7 - An important application of fluid mechanics is the...Ch. 7 - Prob. 26PCh. 7 - Prob. 27PCh. 7 - What is the primary reason for nondimensionalizing...Ch. 7 - Prob. 29PCh. 7 - In an oscillating compressible flow field the...Ch. 7 - In Chap. 9, we define the stream function for...Ch. 7 - In an oscillating incompressible flow field the...Ch. 7 - Prob. 33PCh. 7 - Consider ventilation of a well-mixed room as in...Ch. 7 - List the three primary purposes of dimensional...Ch. 7 - List and describe the three necessary conditions...Ch. 7 - A student team is to design a human-powered...Ch. 7 - Repeat Prob. 7-34 with all the same conditions...Ch. 7 - This is a follow-tip to Prob. 7-34. The students...Ch. 7 - A lightweight parachute is being designed for...Ch. 7 - Prob. 41PCh. 7 - The aerodynamic drag of a new sports car is lo be...Ch. 7 - This is a follow-tip to Prob. 7-37E. The...Ch. 7 - Consider the common situation in which a...Ch. 7 - Some students want to visualize flow over a...Ch. 7 - Prob. 46PCh. 7 - Prob. 47PCh. 7 - Prob. 48PCh. 7 - Prob. 49PCh. 7 - Prob. 50PCh. 7 - A stirrer is used to mix chemicals in a large tank...Ch. 7 - Prob. 52PCh. 7 - Albert Einstein is pondering how to write his...Ch. 7 - The Richardson number is defined as Ri=L5gV2...Ch. 7 - Consider filly developed Couette flow-flow between...Ch. 7 - Consider developing Couette flow-the same flow as...Ch. 7 - The speed of sound c in an ideal gas is known to...Ch. 7 - Repeat Prob. 7-54, except let the speed of sound c...Ch. 7 - Repeat Prob. 7-54, except let the speed of sound c...Ch. 7 - Prob. 60PCh. 7 - When small aerosol particles or microorganisms...Ch. 7 - Prob. 62PCh. 7 - Prob. 63PCh. 7 - Prob. 64PCh. 7 - An incompressible fluid of density and viscosity ...Ch. 7 - Prob. 66PCh. 7 - One of the first things you learn in physics class...Ch. 7 - Prob. 68PCh. 7 - Bill is working on an electrical circuit problem....Ch. 7 - A boundary layer is a thin region (usually along a...Ch. 7 - A liquid of density and viscosity is pumped at...Ch. 7 - A propeller of diameter D rotates at angular...Ch. 7 - Repeat Prob. 7-68 for the case an which the...Ch. 7 - In the study of turbulent flow, turbulent viscous...Ch. 7 - Prob. 75PCh. 7 - Consider a liquid in a cylindrical container in...Ch. 7 - Prob. 77PCh. 7 - Prob. 78CPCh. 7 - Prob. 79CPCh. 7 - Prob. 80CPCh. 7 - Define wind tunnel blockage. What is the rule of...Ch. 7 - Prob. 82CPCh. 7 - In the model truck example discussed in Section...Ch. 7 - A small wind tunnel in a university's...Ch. 7 - Prob. 87PCh. 7 - There are many established nondimensional...Ch. 7 - Prob. 89CPCh. 7 - For each statement, choose whether the statement...Ch. 7 - Prob. 91PCh. 7 - Prob. 92PCh. 7 - Prob. 93PCh. 7 - The Archimedes number listed in Table 7-5 is...Ch. 7 - Prob. 95PCh. 7 - Prob. 96PCh. 7 - Prob. 98PCh. 7 - Prob. 99PCh. 7 - Repeal Prob. 7-100 except for a different...Ch. 7 - Prob. 101PCh. 7 - Prob. 102PCh. 7 - Au aerosol particle of characteristic size DPmoves...Ch. 7 - Prob. 104PCh. 7 - Prob. 105PCh. 7 - Prob. 106PCh. 7 - Prob. 107PCh. 7 - Prob. 108PCh. 7 - Prob. 109PCh. 7 - Prob. 110PCh. 7 - An electrostatic precipitator (ESP) is a device...Ch. 7 - Prob. 113PCh. 7 - Repeat pall (a) of Prob. 7-110, except instead of...Ch. 7 - Sound intensity I is defined as the acoustic power...Ch. 7 - Repeal Prob. 7-112, but with the distance r from...Ch. 7 - Engineers at MIT have developed a mechanical model...Ch. 7 - Prob. 118PCh. 7 - Prob. 119PCh. 7 - Prob. 120PCh. 7 - Prob. 121PCh. 7 - The primary dimensions of kinematic viscosity are...Ch. 7 - Prob. 123PCh. 7 - Prob. 124PCh. 7 - Prob. 125PCh. 7 - There at four additive terms in an equation, and...Ch. 7 - Prob. 127PCh. 7 - Prob. 128PCh. 7 - Prob. 129PCh. 7 - Which similarity condition is related to...Ch. 7 - A one-third scale model of a car is to be tested...Ch. 7 - A one-fourth scale model of a car is to be tested...Ch. 7 - A one-third scale model of an airplane is to be...Ch. 7 - Prob. 134PCh. 7 - Prob. 135PCh. 7 - Prob. 136PCh. 7 - Consider a boundary layer growing along a thin...Ch. 7 - Prob. 138P
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, mechanical-engineering and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Discuss how you might measure the bulk modulus of a liquid.arrow_forwardStrain gauges are a standard sensor to convert deformation into an electrical signal and are used in many applications. Describe how train gauges could be used to measure (i) acceleration; (ii) fluid pressure. Use a sketch for each case to illustrate how they are used.arrow_forward3. A consumer product company is formulating a new shampoo and is interested in foam height (in millimeters). Foam height is approximately normally distributed and has a standard deviation, 6, of 10 millimeters. The company wishes to test the following hypotheses using the results of n=25 samples: Ho: μ = 160, Ηi: μ < 160 The critical region to reject the null hypothesis is X < 155 %3D (a) Find the type I error probability a. (b) Find the probability of type II error if the true mean form height is 159 millimeters.arrow_forward
- Q. Based on the calibration curves, find out the respective sensitivities of the displacement measurement. 1. Strain (UE) Strain (UE) 0.01 0.00 -0.01 -0.02 -0.03 -0.04 0.0 0.01 0.00 -0.01 -0.02 0 -0.03 -0.0003-0.0009 -0.04 Strain vs. Displacement (Pushing) -0.0369*x + -3.1E-03 R² = 0.984 0.0 0:0063 -0.011 0.1 0.2 0.3 -0.0152 -0.0049 0.1 0.2 -0.0088 -0.0195 0.3 Strain vs. Displacement (Releasing) -0.0378*x + 2.16E-03 R² = 0.991 -0.0231 -0.0265 -0.0124 -0.0163- 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 Displacement (in) -0.02 -0.0298 0.4 0.5 0.6 Displacement (in) -0.0325 -0.0235 0.7 -0.0272 -0.0352 0.8 -0.0379 -0.0318 -0.0379 0.9 1.0arrow_forwardAs an instrumentation engineer you are asked to measure pressure with accuracy rate of±0.1%, what does it imply?If the pressure actual readings are 2, 4, 5 kg/m2in the full scale division of 10 kg/m2then whatare the possible measured values of pressure if accuracy rate of instrument is ±0.1% FSD ?State your answer with justification for the following whether it is accurate and precise,accurate not precise, precise but not accurate and not accurate and not precise.arrow_forward"The temperature of an ice bath is measured numerous times with a digital thermometer. The true temperature of the ice bath is 0.07202C. The sample mean temperature is T = -0.0008C. The sample standard deviation of all the readings is 0.02529C. We assume that the precision errors in the readings are purely random. In the standard engineering format, calculate the tolerance for 95%."arrow_forward
- Casson model often used to describe the shear stress vs. shear rate relationship in colloidal suspensions where particle aggregation might cause the measured viscosity to increase at low shear rates. shear stress τ and the appliedshear rate S were fitted to the Casson model as written asarrow_forwardCalculate the individual uncertainties associated for measuring this velocity from the provide individual values given by the manufacture. Then determine the design stage instrument uncertainty. Which uncertainty (or which couple of uncertainties) is the most significant contributor? You attempt to determine the validity of a mass balance in your lab by repeatedly placing 100 g calibration weight on it. Fifteen readings were obtained with values of 101.2, 100.1, 99.8, 100.5, 101.1, 100, 100, 99.6, 101.5, 100.8, 100.9, 100.3, 99.8, 100.5, and 100.9 Estimate the bias error and the maximum precision error of the measurementsarrow_forwardIn measuring the surface tension of a liquid (drop weight method), 20 drops of the liquid (r = 0.2cm) falling apart from the tip whose diameter is 0.4 cm were found to weight 0.95 gram. What is the surface tension of the liquid?arrow_forward
- Six standard deviations of a normally distributed process use 85% of the specification band. It is centered at the nominal dimension, located halfway between the upper and lower specification limits. Estimate C, and C₂. Interpret these ratios.arrow_forwardWe wish to measure a characteristic of a machined part whose nominal size is 50 mm at 20 °C. For this, two different instruments are used; an analog micrometer and a digital vernier caliper, both recently calibrated and with the same resolution (0.01 mm). The calibration certificate data of the analog micrometer and the digital vernier are shown in tables 5 and 6 respectively. In both cases the calibration uncertainty does not include the contribution of resolution uncertainty. Additionally, there are drift studies for both instruments and it is established that the drift of the micrometer is ± 0.002 mm while the drift of the vernier is ± 0.02 mm. The same number of measurements were performed with both instruments to avoid repeatability biases under controlled environmental conditions. Table 7 shows the results of the measurements of both instruments. The temperature of the piece was monitored with a digital thermometer whose calibration uncertainty is 0.1 °C, which already includes…arrow_forwardA flexible pavement has a 4-inch sand-mix asphalt wearing surface, 10-inch soil cement base, and a 10- inch crushed stone subbase. It is designed to withstand 400 20-kip single-axle loads and 900 35-kip tandem-axle loads per day. The subgrade CBR is 8, the overall standard deviation is 0.45, the initial PSI is 4.2, and the final PSI is 2.5. What is the probability that this pavement will have a PSI above 2.5 after 25 years? (Drainage coefficients are 1.0.) Use the editor to format your answerarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Elements Of ElectromagneticsMechanical EngineeringISBN:9780190698614Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.Publisher:Oxford University PressMechanics of Materials (10th Edition)Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9780134319650Author:Russell C. HibbelerPublisher:PEARSONThermodynamics: An Engineering ApproachMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781259822674Author:Yunus A. Cengel Dr., Michael A. BolesPublisher:McGraw-Hill Education
- Control Systems EngineeringMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781118170519Author:Norman S. NisePublisher:WILEYMechanics of Materials (MindTap Course List)Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9781337093347Author:Barry J. Goodno, James M. GerePublisher:Cengage LearningEngineering Mechanics: StaticsMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781118807330Author:James L. Meriam, L. G. Kraige, J. N. BoltonPublisher:WILEY
Elements Of Electromagnetics
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9780190698614
Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.
Publisher:Oxford University Press
Mechanics of Materials (10th Edition)
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9780134319650
Author:Russell C. Hibbeler
Publisher:PEARSON
Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781259822674
Author:Yunus A. Cengel Dr., Michael A. Boles
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Control Systems Engineering
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781118170519
Author:Norman S. Nise
Publisher:WILEY
Mechanics of Materials (MindTap Course List)
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781337093347
Author:Barry J. Goodno, James M. Gere
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Engineering Mechanics: Statics
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781118807330
Author:James L. Meriam, L. G. Kraige, J. N. Bolton
Publisher:WILEY
Fluid Mechanics - Viscosity and Shear Strain Rate in 9 Minutes!; Author: Less Boring Lectures;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_0aaRDAdPTY;License: Standard youtube license