Concept explainers
INTREPRETATION:
The reason behind for formation of identical amounts of enantiomers formed reaction between
CONCEPT INTRODUCTION:
Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.
Nucleophilic nature depends on the negative charge present in the molecule, the solvent in which it present and the electronegativity of the atom.
Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.
The curved arrows are generally used to indicate the flow of electrons present in the reaction.
Addition Reaction: It is defined as chemical reaction in which two given molecules combines and forms product. The types of addition reactions are electrophilic addition, nucleophilic addition, free radical additions and cycloadditions. Generally, compounds with carbon-hetero atom bonds favors addition reaction.
In addition reaction of
Oxidation Reaction: It involves loss of electrons, addition of oxygen atoms or removal of hydrogen atoms.
Oxidizing Reagents: The chemical agents used to add oxygen or remove hydrogen which finally reduced on oxidizing the other compound.
Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.
Carbocation stability order:
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EBK ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- Draw the structure(s) of the major organic product(s) of the following reaction. Ethanol / trace of HCI 0° C Use the wedge/hash bond tools to indicate stereochemistry where it exists. ⚫ If the reaction produces a racemic mixture, draw both stereoisomers.arrow_forwardDraw the structures for (Z)-3-methylhex-3-ene and the two major organic products for its reaction with HBr. Be sure to show all stereoisomers using wedge and dash stereochemistry at any chirality center.arrow_forwardDraw the structure of the major organic product of the reaction below. CH3 Zn(Cu) CH3CHCH=CH2 + CH212 Use the wedge/hash bond tools to indicate stereochemistry where it exists. Show stereochemistry in a meso compound. • If the reaction produces a racemic mixture, just draw one stereoisomer. opy aste ChemDoodlearrow_forward
- The synthesis of carbohydrates can be particularly difficult because of the large number of chiral centers and OH functional groups present. Epoxides can be useful synthetic intermediates in carbohydrate synthesis. Draw the product of the reaction of a phenyl Gilman reagent with this epoxide. Aa • Use the wedge/hash bond tools to indicate stereochemistry where it exists. Explicitly define the cis/trans stereochemistry of fused rings using wedge or hash bonds. If enantiomers are formed, draw both. Separate multiple products using the sign from the drop-down menu. .arrow_forwardNAME and DRAW the STRUCTURE of ALL the alkenes which could undergo catalytic hydrogenation at 900°C to form methylcyclopentane. Circle the alkene with the HIGHEST stability and X the alkene with the HIGHEST heat of hydrogenation. Give reasons for your choice.arrow_forwardDraw the organic product that is expected to form when the following compound is oxidized under biological conditions. oxidation SH reduction • You do not have to consider stereochemistry. You do not have to explicitly draw H atoms. • If no reaction occurs, draw the organic starting material.arrow_forward
- Optically active (R)-2-bromobutane can be converted to 2-butanol under either conditions A or conditions B. Describe the stereochemistry of the product solutions for the two different conditions.arrow_forwardAlcohols are important for organic synthesis, especially in situations involving alkenes. The alcohol might be the desired product, or the OH group might be transformed into another functional group via halogenation, oxidation, or perhaps conversion to a sulfonic ester derivative. Formation of an alcohol from an alkene is particularly powerful because conditions can be chosen to produce either the Markovnikov or non-Markovnikov product from an unsymmetrical alkene. Using your reaction roadmap as a guide, show how to convert 4-methyl-1-pentene into 5-methylhexanenitrile. You must use 4-methyl-1-pentene and sodium cyanide as the source of all carbon atoms in the target molecule. Show all reagents needed and all molecules synthesized along the way.arrow_forwardDraw the alkene that would react with the reagent given to account for the product formed. OH H₂SO4 CH3CH2CCH2CH3 ? + H₂O CH2CH3 . You do not have to consider stereochemistry. • You do not have to explicitly draw H atoms. • In cases where there is more than one answer, just draw one.arrow_forward
- Draw the major elimination and substitution products formed in this reaction. Use a dash or wedge bond to indicate the stereochemistry of substituents on asymmetric centers, where applicable. Ignore any inorganic byproducts. H₂O Draw One of the Major Products Br 6 + > heat Draw One of the Major Productsarrow_forwardAlkynes do not react directly with aqueous acid as do alkenes, but will do so in the presence of mercury(II) sulfate as a Lewis acid catalyst. The reaction occurs with Markovnikov regiochemistry, so the OH group adds to the more highly substituted carbon and the H adds to the less highly substituted carbon. The initial product of the reaction is a vinyl alcohol, also called an enol. The enol immediately rearranges to a more stable ketone via tautomerization. Draw curved arrows to show the movement of electrons in this step of the mechanism. Arrow-pushing Instructions -X티 Hö: H-O -CH3 -CH3 H30*arrow_forwardWhich stereoisomer of 3,4-dimethyl-3-hexene forms (3S,4S)-3,4-dimethylhexane and (3R,4R)-3,4-dimethylhexane when it reacts with H2, Pd/C?arrow_forward
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage Learning