Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:Whethercurve 1 or 2 isa better representation of the behavior of Argon gas needs to be determined.
Concept Introduction:
The ideal gas equation can be used to calculate P, V, T and number of moles of gases. It is the combination of different
Kinetic-molecular theory of gases states that:
- Gases are composed of hard, spherical particles.
- These particles remain in a state of constant, random motion in a straight line.
- The collision between gas particles and the wall of the container causes gas pressure.
- The gas particles are very small with no force of attraction between them.
- The volume of gas particles is negligible as compared to the volume of the container because there is a large space between gas particles.
(b)
Interpretation:Whether curve 1 or 2 represents the gas that effuses more slowly needs to be determined.
Concept Introduction:
The ideal gas equation can be used to calculate P, V, T and number of moles of gases. It is the combination of different gas laws such as Boyle’s law, Charles’s law, Gay-Lussac
Kinetic-molecular theory of gases states that:
- Gases are composed of hard, spherical particles.
- These particles remain in a state of constant, random motion in a straight line.
- The collision between gas particles and the wall of the container causes gas pressure.
- The gas particles are very small with no force of attraction between them.
- The volume of gas particles is negligible as compared to the volume of the container because there is a large space between gas particles.
(c)
Interpretation:Curve 1 or 2 which represents the behavior of fluorine gas needs to be determined.
Concept Introduction:
The ideal gas equation can be used to calculate P, V, T and number of moles of gases. It is the combination of different gas laws such as Boyle’s law, Charles’s law, Gay-Lussac
Kinetic-molecular theory of gases states that:
- Gases are composed of hard, spherical particles.
- These particles remain in a state of constant, random motion in a straight line.
- The collision between gas particles and the wall of the container causes gas pressure.
- The gas particles are very small with no force of attraction between them.
- The volume of gas particles is negligible as compared to the volume of the container because there is a large space between gas particles.
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Chapter 5 Solutions
Principles of General Chemistry
- Two identical He-filled balloons, each with a volume of 20 L, are allowed to rise into the atmosphere. One rises to an altitude of 3000 m while the other rises to 6000 m. a Assuming that the balloons are at the same temperature, which balloon has the greater volume? b What information would you need in order to calculate the volume of each of the balloons at their respective heights?arrow_forwardShown below are three containers of an ideal gas (A, B, and C), each equipped with a movable piston (assume that atmospheric pressure is 1.0 atm). a How do the pressures in these containers compare? b Are all the gases at the same temperature? If not, compare the temperatures. c If you cooled each of the containers in an ice-water bath to 0.0C, describe how the volumes and pressures of the gases in these containers would compare.arrow_forwardIf 4.83 mL of an unknown gas effuses through a hole in a plate in the same time it takes 9.23 mL of argon, Ar, to effuse through the same hole under the same conditions, what is the molecular weight of the unknown gas?arrow_forward
- Nitrogen monoxide gas reacts with oxygen gas to produce nitrogen dioxide gas. What volume of nitrogen dioxide is produced from the reaction of 1 L nitrogen monoxide gas with 3 L oxygen gas? What volume, if any, of the reactants will remain after the reaction ends? Assume all volumes are measured at the same pressure and temperature.arrow_forwardSulfur trioxide, SO3, is produced in enormous quantities each year for use in the synthesis of sulfuric acid. S(s)+O2(g)SO2(g)2SO2(g)+O2(g)2SO3(g) What volume of O2(g) at 350.C and a pressure of 5.25 atm is needed to completely convert 5.00 g sulfur to sulfur trioxide?arrow_forward82 Why do heavier gases move more slowly than light gases at the same temperature?arrow_forward
- The graph here represents the distribution of molecular speeds of hydrogen and neon at 200 K. a Match each curve to the appropriate gas. b Calculate the rms speed (in m/s) for each of the gases at 200 K. c Which of the gases would you expect to have the greater effusion rate at 200 K? Justify your answer. d Calculate the temperature at which the rms speed of the hydrogen gas would equal the rms speed of the neon at 200 K.arrow_forwardHydrogen gas is used in weather balloon because it is less expensive than Helium. Assume that 5.57 g of H2 is used to fill a weather balloon to an initial volume of 67 L at 1.04 atm. If the ballloon rises to an altitude where the pressure is 0.047 atm, what is its new volume? Assume that the temperature remains constant.arrow_forward
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