Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The difference between sample of gas and sample of liquid should be determined when the sample is transferred from one small container to a larger one.
Concept Introduction:
The characteristics of gases and liquids are:
- Liquid has definite volume but indefinite shape whereas the gas has indefinite volume and shape.
- Liquid has more density in comparison to gas but less than solid.
- Liquid has small compressibility in comparison to gas but larger than solid.
- Liquid has small thermal expansion in comparison to gas (moderate) but larger than solid.
(a)
Answer to Problem 5.1P
The volume of gas increases whereas the volume of liquid will not change when the gas is transferred from one small container to large container.
Explanation of Solution
The volume of gas changed with pressure whereas the volume of liquid is not changed with the pressure. When the gas is transferred from one small container to large container then the pressure decreases and the volume of the gas increases whereas there is no effect in the volume of liquid.
(b)
Interpretation:
The difference between sample of gas and sample of liquid should be determined when the sample is heated in an expandable container, but there is no change of state takes place.
Concept Introduction:
The characteristics of gases and liquids are:
- Liquid has definite volume but indefinite shape whereas the gas has indefinite volume and shape.
- Liquid has more density in comparison to gas but less than solid.
- Liquid has small compressibility in comparison to gas but larger than solid.
- Liquid has small thermal expansion in comparison to gas (moderate) but larger than solid.
(b)
Answer to Problem 5.1P
The volume of gas increases whereas the volume of liquid will not change when the gas is heated in an expandable container but no change in state takes place.
Explanation of Solution
When a gas is heated, its volume will increases 50 to 100 times greater than the liquid at constant pressure. Therefore, when the gas is heated in an expandable container,the volume of the gas increases whereas the volume will not change significantly.
(c)
Interpretation:
The difference between sample of gas and sample of liquid should be determined when the sample is placed in a cylinder having piston, and force is applied externally.
Concept Introduction:
The characteristics of gases and liquids are:
- Liquid has definite volume but indefinite shape whereas the gas has indefinite volume and shape.
- Liquid has more density in comparison to gas but less than solid.
- Liquid has small compressibility in comparison to gas but larger than solid.
- Liquid has small thermal expansion in comparison to gas (moderate) but larger than solid.
(c)
Answer to Problem 5.1P
The volume of gas increases whereas the volume of liquid will not change when the sample is placed in a cylinder having piston, and force is applied externally.
Explanation of Solution
The volume of gas changed with pressure whereas the volume of liquid is not changed with the pressure. When the gas is placed in a cylinder having piston and the force is applied externally then the pressure increases and the volume of the gas decrease whereas there is no effect in the volume of liquid.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 5 Solutions
Principles of General Chemistry
- he following demonstration takes place in a two-step process: rst, solid calcium carbide (CaC2j)reacts with liquid water to produce acetylene gas (C2H2)and aqueous calcium hydroxide. Second the acetylene gas produced is then ignited with a match, causing the combustion reaction of acetylene with oxygen gas to produce gaseous carbon dioxide and gaseous water. Write the balanced equations for each reaction that is occurring, including all phases. If a 100.0gsample of calcium carbide (CaC2)is initially reacted with 50.0gof water, which reactant is limiting? Now imagine that the final gases produced are collected in a large bulkier and allowed to cool to room temperature. Using the information from part b ( l00.0gof Cec2reacting with 50.0gof H2O), how many liters of carbon dioxide gas were produced in the balloon at a pressure of 1.00atm and 25C?arrow_forwardHow many grams of water at 0C will be melted by the condensation of 1 g of steam at 100C?arrow_forwardWhich is denser at the same temperature and pressure, dry air or air saturated with water vapor? Explain.arrow_forward
- Draw molecular-level views that show the differences among solids, liquids, and gases.arrow_forwardAnswer the following questions: (a) If XX behaved as an ideal gas, what would its graph of Z vs. P look like? (b) For most of this chapter, we performed calculations treating gases as ideal. Was this justified? (c) What is the effect of the volume of gas molecules on Z? Under what conditions is this effect small? When is it large? Explain using an appropriate diagram. (d) What is the effect of intermolecular attractions on the value of Z? Under what conditions is this effect small? When is it large? Explain using an appropriate diagram. (e) In general, under what temperature conditions would you expect Z to have the largest deviations from the Z for an ideal gas?arrow_forward
General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781285853918Author:H. Stephen StokerPublisher:Cengage Learning
ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: An Atoms First ApproachChemistryISBN:9781305079243Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. ZumdahlPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: Matter and ChangeChemistryISBN:9780078746376Author:Dinah Zike, Laurel Dingrando, Nicholas Hainen, Cheryl WistromPublisher:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill School Pub Co
Introduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage Learning