Concept explainers
Interpretation:
In compounds A and B, the
Concept Introduction:
The molecules which are non-superimposable or not identical with its mirror image are known as chiral molecules.
The pair of two mirror images which are non-identical are known as enantiomers and these are optically active.
The enantiomers, in which the path traced from the highest
The enantiomers, in which the path traced from the highest atomic number to the lowest atomic number is in the clockwise direction, are designated as
The objects or molecules which are superimposable with its mirror images are achiral objects or molecules and these objects have a centre of symmetry or plane of symmetry.
The achiral compounds in which the plane of symmetry is present internally and consists of chiral centres are known as meso compounds, but they are optically inactive.
The stereoformula which is depicted in two dimensions, in which stereochemical information is not destroyed, is determined by the Fisher Projection formula.
The stereoisomers which are non-superimposable on each other and not mirror images of each other are known as diastereomers.
Chiral molecules are capable of rotating plane polarized light
The molecules which are superimposable or identical with their mirror images are known as achiral molecules, and achiral molecules are not capable of rotating the plane-polarised light.
Plane of symmetry is the plane that bisects the molecule in two equal halves, such that they are mirror images of each other.
Compounds having plane of symmetry are usually achiral as they do not have different atoms around the central carbon atom.
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Organic Chemistry
- 2arrow_forwardDraw the structure for a compound with molecular formula C2H2I2F2 a. that is optically inactive because it does not have an asymmetric center. b. that is optically inactive because it is a meso compound. c. that is optically active.arrow_forwardWhat is the maximum number of stereoisomers possible for a compound with: (a) three stereogenic centers; (b) eight stereogenic centers?arrow_forward
- ) How many chiral centers are present in desosamine? How many stereoisomers are possible for it? How many pairs of enantiomers are possible for it?arrow_forward(A) Indicate the positions (axial or equatorial) of the two substituents (a, b) in the most stable chair conformation. (B) Indicate the positions (axial or equatorial) of the two substituents (a, b) of Enantiomer in the most stable chair conformation. barrow_forwardImage attachedarrow_forward
- Eleostearic acid is an unsaturated fatty acid obtained from the seeds of the tung oii tree (Aleurites fordii), a deciduous tree native to China. (a) Draw the structure of a stereoisomer that has a higher melting point than eleostearic acid. (b) Draw the structure of a stereoisomer that has a lower melting point. CO,H eleostearic acidarrow_forwardConsider (2R,3R)-2,3-diidobutane: (a) Draw a Fischer Projection of this structure with Cı on top and C4 on bottom. (b) Draw a Newman Projection of of the meso compound of 2,3-dibromobutane looking down the C2-C3 bond with C2 in front, and label your asymmetric carbons as S or R.arrow_forwardKk.40.arrow_forward
- 5.40 Consider the following pairs of structures. Designate cach chirality center as (R) or (S) and identify the relationship bêtween them by describing them as representing enantiomers, diastereomers, constitutional isomers, or two molecules of the same compound. Use handheld molecular models to check your answers. Br CH, H,C Br (a) () and and ĆI CI H. CH H,C H CH3 CH3 (b) and F Br Br F CI CI -H- (k) H- and CH, Br CH, Br H. -CI H- CI (c) H,CH and F CH3 CH3 CH3 Br H,C H. Br H- (1) -CI Br- CH3 and HH CI- Br (d) F CH, H and Fu CH3 Hi Br CH, H,C CH3 F H Br (m) and (e) H,C and "F HC H Br H. CH Br and (n) and CH3 CI (0) and CH3 Br H,CC. Br and Ci Ci CI CI (h) Cl- and -CI (p) and ČI ČI CI Ci CI Br and (q) Br Br C=C=CH C=Cc=CBr and ČI CI HICarrow_forwardA is a toxin produced by the poisonous seaweed Chlorodesmis fastigiata. (a) Label each alkene that exhibits stereoisomerism as E or Z. (b) Draw a stereoisomer of A that has all Z double bonds.arrow_forward5.69 Carvone is present in many essential oils. It is chiral, and its two enantiomers are shown here. Even though they are enantiomers, they have different odors. The (-) enantiomer smells like spearmint, whereas the (+) enantiomer smells like caraway seeds. What does this say about the olfactory receptors that detect carvone? than a plana) HROO HO HO HO H00 osses O= Datum his H. HO HO HO Tefur OH Hie ane 2000 (-)-Carvone OH muistad Y (+)-Carvone HO yet it pelesses no Harrow_forward
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage Learning