Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The configuration
Concept Introduction:
▸ The molecules which are non-superimposable or not identical with their mirror images are known as chiral molecules.
▸ A pair of two mirror images which are non-identical is known as enantiomers which are optically active.
▸ The objects or molecules which are superimposable with their mirror images are achiral objects or molecules and these objects have a centre of symmetry or plane of symmetry.
▸ The achiral compounds in which plane of symmetry is present internally and consists of chiral centres are known as meso compounds but they are optically inactive.
▸ The stereoisomers which are non-superimposable on each other and not mirror images of each other are known as diastereomers.
▸ Chiral molecules are capable of rotating plane polarized light
▸ The molecules which are superimposable or identical with their mirror images are known as achiral molecules, and achiral molecules are not capable of rotating the plane-polarised light.
▸ Priority is given to all the four group attached to the chirality center.
▸ Priority is assigned according to the
▸ If priority cannot be assigned according to
▸ After giving priority to the four groups, rotate the molecule such that the fourth priority group is away from the observer.
▸ Now, move from a to b to c; if the direction is clockwise, then the chiral center is designated as
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Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 5 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
- Assign the configuration to each asymmetric carbon as R or S. (a) CI NO2 (b) CI NO2 (c) (d) IIarrow_forward2arrow_forward5:51 Draw examples of the following: (a) A meso compound with the formula C8H18 (b) A meso compound with the formula C9H20 (c) A compound with two chirality centers, one R and the other Sarrow_forward
- Draw its Meso-compound, diasteriomer, and/pr enantiomer (wherewver applicable). Give handwritten answer.arrow_forwardjust problem 5.26 pleasearrow_forward5.69 Carvone is present in many essential oils. It is chiral, and its two enantiomers are shown here. Even though they are enantiomers, they have different odors. The (-) enantiomer smells like spearmint, whereas the (+) enantiomer smells like caraway seeds. What does this say about the olfactory receptors that detect carvone? than a plana) HROO HO HO HO H00 osses O= Datum his H. HO HO HO Tefur OH Hie ane 2000 (-)-Carvone OH muistad Y (+)-Carvone HO yet it pelesses no Harrow_forward
- Give detailed Solution with explanationarrow_forwardAlthough we learned in Section 5.4 that uncharged nitrogen atoms generally cannot be chiral centers (due to nitrogen inversion), an exception is Tröger's base. Tröger's base has two enantiomers that can be separated from each other. They are different in their configurations at the N atoms. One enantiomer is shown on the right, viewed from two different perspectives. (a) Draw the second enantiomer of Tröger's base. (b) Explain why the two enantiomers do not interconvert. Tröger's basearrow_forwardKetones react with alcohols to yield products called acetals. Why does the all-cis isomer of 4-tert-butyl-1,3-cyclohexanediol react readily with acetone and an acid catalyst to form an acetal, but other stereoisomers do not react? In formulating your answer, draw the more stable chair conformations of all four stereoisomers and the product acetal for each one.arrow_forward