Organic Chemistry
Organic Chemistry
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781118875766
Author: T. W. Graham Solomons, Craig B. Fryhle, Scott A. Snyder
Publisher: WILEY
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Chapter 5, Problem 18PP
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The configuration (R,S) is to be assigned at each chirality center in Darvon.

Concept Introduction:

▸ The molecules which are non-superimposable or not identical with their mirror images are known as chiral molecules.

▸ A pair of two mirror images which are non-identical is known as enantiomers which are optically active.

▸ The objects or molecules which are superimposable with their mirror images are achiral objects or molecules and these objects have a centre of symmetry or plane of symmetry.

▸ The achiral compounds in which plane of symmetry is present internally and consists of chiral centres are known as meso compounds but they are optically inactive.

▸ The stereoisomers which are non-superimposable on each other and not mirror images of each other are known as diastereomers.

▸ Chiral molecules are capable of rotating plane polarized light

▸ The molecules which are superimposable or identical with their mirror images are known as achiral molecules, and achiral molecules are not capable of rotating the plane-polarised light.

▸ Priority is given to all the four group attached to the chirality center.

▸ Priority is assigned according to the atomic number of the atom. Higher the atomic number, higher the priority given.

▸ If priority cannot be assigned according to atomic mass, then assign the priority according to the first point of difference.

▸ After giving priority to the four groups, rotate the molecule such that the fourth priority group is away from the observer.

▸ Now, move from a to b to c; if the direction is clockwise, then the chiral center is designated as (R) and if the direction is anticlockwise, then the chiral center is designated as (S).

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just problem 5.23 please
If molecules A and B are isomers of each other, then what kinds of isomers could they be (i.e., enantiomers, diastereomers, or constitutional isomers) under each of the following conditions?(a) Both molecules have the same IHD.(b) Molecule A has a ring but molecule B does not.(c) Molecules A and B contain different functional groups.(d) Molecules A and B share exactly the same functional groups.(e) Molecule A has a plane of symmetry but molecule B does not.
(A) Indicate the positions (axial or equatorial) of the two substituents (a, b) in the most stable chair conformation. (B) Indicate the positions (axial or equatorial) of the two substituents (a, b) of Enantiomer in the most stable chair conformation. b

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