Interpretation:
The new relationships between molecules after modifying the positions of groups is to be examined.
Concept Introduction:
The molecules which are non-superimposable or not identical with their mirror images are known as chiral molecules.
A pair of two mirror images which are non-identical is known as enantiomers which are optically active.
The objects or molecules which are superimposable with their mirror images are achiral objects or molecules and these objects have a centre of symmetry or plane of symmetry.
The achiral compounds in which plane of symmetry is present internally and consists of chiral centres are known as meso compounds but they are optically inactive.
The stereoisomers which are non-superimposable on each other and not mirror images of each other are known as diastereomers.
Chiral molecules are capable of rotating plane polarized light
The molecules which are superimposable or identical with their mirror images are known as achiral molecules, and achiral molecules are not capable of rotating the plane-polarised light.
Plane of symmetry is the plane that bisects the molecule in two equal halves, such that they are mirror images of each other.
Compounds having plane of symmetry are usually achiral as they do not have different atoms around the central carbon atom.
The objects which are non-superimposable or not identical with its mirror image are known as chiral objects. The pair of two mirror images which are non-identical are known as enantiomers.
The objects which are superimposable with its mirror images are achiral objects and these objects have a centre of symmetry or plane of symmetry.
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Chapter 5 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
- 20. Identify each asymmetric carbon atom in the following examples, and determine (if chiral) the (R) or the (S) configuration. 21. Explain the terms with suitable examples: (a) Inductive and Field effects (b) Electromeric effect (c) Mesomeric effect (d) l-strain (e) B-strain (f) F-strain and (g) Hyperconjugation. 22. Draw the energy diagram of thermodynamic control and kinetic control of a reaction. 23. How can you classify the major reactive intermediates in organic chemistry? Give examples. 24. Write the mechanism of the following reaction: CH,OH Br 25. Write a rational mechanism for the reaction of 2-Methyl-2-butanol with a strong acid. 26. 1-Butanol is heated with HBr. Write the detailed mechanism of the reaction. 27. 2-Bromobutane is heated with NaOH. Write the detailed mechanism of the reaction.arrow_forwardGive detailed Solution with explanation needed of all options....don't give Handwritten answerarrow_forward(f) Which of the following is true about an enantiomer of Lunesta? Identify all that apply: (1) The enantiomer rotates plane-polarized light in the opposite direction as Lunesta. (2) The enantiomer is a mirror image of Lunesta. (3) The enantiomer has the opposite biological effects as Lunesta (i.e., it keeps you awake). (4) Lunesta does not have an enantiomer.arrow_forward
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