Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The optically active compounds among the given compounds are to be identified.
Concept introduction:
The molecules that are non-superimposable or not identical with their mirror images are known as chiral molecules.
A pair of two mirror images that are non-identical is known as a pair of enantiomers, and these are optically active.
The enantiomers in which the path traced from the highest to the lowest
The enantiomers in which the path traced from the highest to the lowest atomic number is in the clockwise direction are designated as
The objects or molecules which are superimposable with their mirror images are achiral objects or molecules. These objects have a centre of symmetry or plane of symmetry.
The achiral compounds in which the plane of symmetry is present internally and consists of chiral centres are known as meso compounds, but they are optically inactive.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 5 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
- Please answer D, E, Farrow_forwardPRACTICE PROBLEM 2.2 The compounds in each part below have the same (or similar) molecular weights. Which compound in cach part would you expect to have the higher boiling point? Explain your answers. (a) OH or (c) OH or HO (b) (CHN or A factor (in addition to polarity and hydrogen bonding) that affects the melting point of many organic compounds is the compactness and rigidity of their individual molecules. • Molecules that are symmetrical generally have abnormally high melting points. sert- Buryl alcohol, for example, has a much higher melting point than the other isomeric alcohols shown here: OH OH tert-Butyl alcohol (mp 25 "C) Butyl alcohol (mp -00 "C) Isobutyl alcohol sec-Butyl alcohol (mp 108 C) (mp-114 C) о оarrow_forwardDraw a bond-line diagram for the compounds below. Which of the following compounds is chiral? (a) 2-bromobutane (b) methylcyclohexane (draw a chair configuration)arrow_forward
- Which of (a)-(d) is not aromatic? (B) (A) (C) (D)arrow_forward2.34 Consider 1-bromopropane, CH3CH2CH2Br.(a) Draw a Newman projection for the conformation in which !CH3 and !Br are anti (dihedral angle 1808).(b) Draw Newman projections for the conformations in which !CH3 and !Br are gauche (dihedral angles 608 and 3008).(c) Which of these is the lowest energy conformation?(d) Which of these conformations, if any, are related by reflection?arrow_forward2.(a) Different conformations are found in 2-methylpentane. (i) Using Newman Projection, draw all the possible staggered and eclipsed conformations of pentane by referring to the bond rotation at C3-C4.(ii) Compare their stability and explain your answer.arrow_forward
- If molecules A and B are isomers of each other, then what kinds of isomers could they be (i.e., enantiomers, diastereomers, or constitutional isomers) under each of the following conditions?(a) Both molecules have the same IHD.(b) Molecule A has a ring but molecule B does not.(c) Molecules A and B contain different functional groups.(d) Molecules A and B share exactly the same functional groups.(e) Molecule A has a plane of symmetry but molecule B does not.arrow_forwardWhat will be the color of the flame and the amount of soot if the following are ignited:(a) Hexane (b)Heptane(c) Cyclohexane (d) Cyclohexene (e) Benzene (f) Toluenearrow_forward(B) Draw two chair conformations of the following substituted cyclohexane and identify the most stable conformation. Clearly show the axial and equatorial bonds.arrow_forward
- Provide the correct IUPAC name for N₂Br3. (1) () () (IV) tri- di-penta-tetra- mono- hexa- octa- hepta- bromite nickel bromide nitrogen niobium bromate hydrate acid Deletearrow_forwardwhich one of the following cycloalkanes will be least stable? (a) cyclopropane (b) cyclobutane (c) cyclopentan (d) cyclohexanearrow_forward(a) which if the structure of trans-1,2-dimethylcyclopentane? (b) which is the most stable conformation of 1-bromo-2-ethylcyclohexane? (c) which is the least stable conformation of 1-bromo-2-ethylcyclohexane? (d) which is the more stable configuration of 1,3-dimethylcyclopentane? *Et = ethylarrow_forward
- ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage LearningChemistryChemistryISBN:9781259911156Author:Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby ProfessorPublisher:McGraw-Hill EducationPrinciples of Instrumental AnalysisChemistryISBN:9781305577213Author:Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. CrouchPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9780078021558Author:Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.Publisher:McGraw-Hill EducationChemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage LearningElementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind...ChemistryISBN:9781118431221Author:Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. BullardPublisher:WILEY