Organic Chemistry
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781305080485
Author: John E. McMurry
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 29.SE, Problem 41AP
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
Lactate, a product of glucose catabolism in oxygen-starved muscles, can be converted into pyruvate by oxidation.
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Complete this diagram of a biochemical reaction.
maleate isomerase
Choose
an image
Choose
an image
The enzyme that catalyzes reaction below can be classified as:
NAD*
NADH + H*
Но-
H-Ć-
Н—с—н
H-
malate
dehydrogenase
Oxaloacetate
Malate
GLYCOLYSIS:
1A) Starting with glucose (in the open-chain Fisher projection), draw out the molecular structures for
each step of glycolysis. For each step, include the name of the enzyme that catalyzes the reaction.
1B) What is the net reaction of glycolysis?
CITRIC ACID CYCLE:
2A) Starting with acetyl-coenzymeA and oxaloacetate, draw out the molecular structures for each step
of the citric acid cycle. For each step, include the name of the enzyme that catalyzes the reaction.
2B) What is the net reaction of the citric acid cycle? What happens to each product?
OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION:
3A) Thoroughly explain the biological significance of NADH/H* and FADH2 and their roles in
oxidative phosphorylation.
3B) Describe and diagram the general pathway of the electrons from NADH/H+ and FADH₂ to O₂
during the electron transport chain.
3C) What is "chemiosmotic coupling", and what is its relationship to ATP synthesis?
3D) During oxidative phosphorylation, what is oxidized and what is…
Chapter 29 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
Ch. 29.1 - Prob. 1PCh. 29.3 - Write the equations for the remaining passages of...Ch. 29.3 - Prob. 3PCh. 29.4 - Write a mechanism for the dehydration reaction of...Ch. 29.4 - Evidence for the role of acetate in fatty-acid...Ch. 29.4 - Does the reduction of acetoacetyl ACP in step 6...Ch. 29.5 - Prob. 7PCh. 29.5 - Look at the entire glycolysis pathway, and make a...Ch. 29.6 - Prob. 9PCh. 29.7 - Prob. 10P
Ch. 29.7 - Write mechanisms for step 2 of the citric acid...Ch. 29.7 - Prob. 12PCh. 29.8 - Prob. 13PCh. 29.9 - Write all the steps in the transamination reaction...Ch. 29.9 - What -keto acid is formed on transamination of...Ch. 29.9 - Prob. 16PCh. 29.SE - Prob. 17VCCh. 29.SE - Identify the following intermediate in the citric...Ch. 29.SE - The following compound is an intermediate in the...Ch. 29.SE - Prob. 20VCCh. 29.SE - In the pentose phosphate pathway for degrading...Ch. 29.SE - Prob. 22MPCh. 29.SE - One of the steps in the pentose phosphate pathway...Ch. 29.SE - One of the steps in the pentose phosphate pathway...Ch. 29.SE - Prob. 25MPCh. 29.SE - Prob. 26MPCh. 29.SE - Prob. 27MPCh. 29.SE - Prob. 28MPCh. 29.SE - Prob. 29MPCh. 29.SE - Prob. 30MPCh. 29.SE - Prob. 31MPCh. 29.SE - Prob. 32APCh. 29.SE - Prob. 33APCh. 29.SE - Prob. 34APCh. 29.SE - Prob. 35APCh. 29.SE - Prob. 36APCh. 29.SE - Prob. 37APCh. 29.SE - Prob. 38APCh. 29.SE - Prob. 39APCh. 29.SE - Prob. 40APCh. 29.SE - Prob. 41APCh. 29.SE - Prob. 42APCh. 29.SE - Prob. 43APCh. 29.SE - Prob. 44APCh. 29.SE - Prob. 45APCh. 29.SE - Prob. 46APCh. 29.SE - Prob. 47APCh. 29.SE - Prob. 48APCh. 29.SE - Prob. 49APCh. 29.SE - Prob. 50APCh. 29.SE - In glycerol metabolism, the oxidation of...Ch. 29.SE - Prob. 52APCh. 29.SE - Prob. 53APCh. 29.SE - Prob. 54APCh. 29.SE - In step 7 of fatty-acid biosynthesis (Figure...Ch. 29.SE - Prob. 56AP
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- In the citric acid cycle, a - ketoglutarate dehydrogenase catalyzes the reaction from a - ketoglutarate to Succinyl CoA. Given this reaction, calculate for the enthalpy of formation of the product using (a) Hess's Law, (b) standard enthalpies of formation and (c) mean bond enthalpies. Show your complete solution. COA-S OOC CH2 CH2 + NAD++ COA + CO2 + NADH CH2 a-ketoglutarate CH2 dehydrogenase COO a-ketoglutarate COO Succinyl CoAarrow_forwardThere are eight chemical reactions that occur in the citric acid cycle process. The reactions of the citric acid cycle are shown in the figure below. You were introduced to several classes of organic reactions. These classes include esterification, decarboxylation, hydration reactions, dehydration of alcohols, oxidation of alcohols, oxidation of aldehydes, reduction of aldehydes, and reduction of ketones. Find at least one of these reaction classes in the citric acid cycle. List the reaction number and the reaction. Write a sentence or two on how you were able to make the classification.arrow_forward5) A certain aerobic organism is able to metabolize the following glycolipid: "CH,OH H OH но OH A. Draw the 2 resulting structures that would occur upon initial hydrolysis of the 0-glycosidic bond. B. Calculate how much ATP is formed upon complete aerobic oxidation of one mole of the compound. Assume that no ATP is produced when one mole of the glycosidic bond in the above compound is hydrolyzed. Show calculation below.arrow_forward
- Write a balanced chemical reaction for the catalyzed by citrate synthase in the acetic acid cycle and determine the type of the reaction.arrow_forwardThe rate-limiting step is a metabolic pathway is the slowest step which determines the overall rate of the other reactions in the pathway. In glycolysis, the rate limiting step is a phosphorylation reaction where phosphofructokinase (PFK-1) catalyzes the reaction fructose-6-bisphosphate -> fructose-1,6-bisphosphate, the same step in gluconeogenesis. Select one: The statement is FALSE. The statement is TRUE.arrow_forwardOne of these reactions is a reductive amination. Write the oxidation states ( a number) next to each boxed carbon. Which reaction is a reductive amination? A or B Identify the oxidized and reduced states of the coenzymesarrow_forward
- When the following reaction reached equilibrium the concentration of glucose 1-phosphate is 34mM, and the concentration of glucose 6-phosphate is 190mM. At standard temperatures and pressure, calculate the Keq and the ΔGo' glucose 6-phosphate <---(phosphoglucoisomerase)---> glucose 1-phosphate Keq= ΔGo' =arrow_forwardWhat is the most biochemical reactions inside our body need to speed up?arrow_forwardNADH and FADH2 can "create" ATP only if the cell can do electron transport True Falsearrow_forward
- True or False The enzyme sucrase catalyzes the metabolisim of sucrose.arrow_forwardThe answer option for the drop down menu are citric acid cycle, gluconeogenesis pathway, and glyoxylate cycle.arrow_forwardTo learn more about the role of the electron transport chain in generating energy during respiration in this organism, you use two drugs. These drugs can each pick up electrons from specific intermediates in the pathway as shown above. You treat cells carrying out respiration with either a saturating dose of drug A or B, so that all the electrons which would normally continue along the pathway are captured by the drug in question. Complete the following table. In the presence of drug A, will the rate of ATP synthesis increase, decrease, or stay the same? Explain your reasoning. In the presence of drug B, will the rate of ATP synthesis increase, decrease, or stay the same? Explain your reasoning.arrow_forward
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